"THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT OF JESUS CHRIST!" CHRIST'S WORDS ALONE CUSTOMIZED FOR YOU! CREATE "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO THE GOD OF LOVE!" PASSIONATELY INTIMATELY SPIRITUALLY! THE NORDICS/DANES MOST BLESSED NOW & HEAVEN! SUPPORT "THE NORDIC MODEL!"
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DANES/GOD VS DEVILS/USA! NORDIC/DANISH CHRISTIAN HUMANISM VS TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER FASCISM! SATAN'S MAFIA TAKES LIGHT SPEED TRAIN INTO HELL! NOT INVESTING IN HIGH SPEED TRAINS, BIKES CITIES & RENEWABLES! ALL 4 RICH! NONE FOR REST! IT IS THE END!

1/19/2025

1 Comment

 
WOULD SOMEBODY PLEASE TELL "THE WEATHER CREATOR SATAN'S MAFIA DONS" TO BLOW "THE HOT AIR" IN THE LA DOWN TO SAN DIEGO AREA, TO NEW ORLEANS, FLORIDA AND THE SOUTH EAST! WHERE IS THAT "GLOBAL WAMMING" WHEN YOU NEED IT! IT IS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, DONNY THE DEVIL'S AND VLAD'S DUNCE DON, THAT VERY LIBERAL AREA, YOU TORCHED WHEN YOU TOOK OUT THE DRONS TO MAKE "THE PALISADES / CAMP FIRE," THE WORST ON RECORD! 

PLEASE, WILL SOMEBODY INSURE THAT DONNY THE RUTHLESS RETRIBUTION DEVIL DON DOES NOT GET HIS HANDS ON THE LASER DRONS AGAIN! HE REALLY TORCHED A LOT OF AREA LAST TIME! AND, DONNY THE RETRIBUTION DON, IS REALLY REALLY PISSED FOR WHAT THOSE EXTREME MARXIST COMMI LEFTISTS MADE HIM GO THROUGH!

​PLEASE SEE THE PRIOR POST: "LA FIREY WAVES OF DEATH!" GLOBE 2025-7! "IT IS THE END TIMES!" CLIMATE HELL=BILLIONAIRE LAND GRABS! INSURANCE HELL! PALISADES GONE NOT PARADISE W HOMES DUST! TREES NOT! TRUMP TORCHES LEFT=DONNY DRONES FIRES! TRUMPS IMPERIALISM JUSTIFIES PUTINS & GAZA!
'"HOT STUFF!" THE SIBERIAN METHANE MONSTER!" "THE BIG RED BLOBS" ARE ACCELERATING "COMPLETELY ICE FREE ARCTIC" EXPONENTIALLY! THEY WILL EXPLODE SIBERIAN AND ARCTIC METHANE RELEASE "HYPER-EXPONENTIALLY" WHEN "THE ARCTIC IS COMPLETELY ICE FREE!" EXPLODING "THE FIREY WAVES OF DEATH" GLOBALLY BY 2027!

BRINGING ON "THE SECOND COMING" AND "THE FINAL JUDGEMENT!" PREPARE YOUR SOUL! PASSIONATELY DO AND APPLY THE INSIGHTS GOD GIVES YOU BY DOING "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO THE GOD OF LOVE!" SUPER CHARGE YOUR PASSIONATE COMMITMENT TO "BECOME ONE WITH JESUS!" NOW! FOR "THANK GOD!" "IT IS THE END!" OF "RUTHLESS RULE OF THE TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER SATAN'S MAFIA FASCISTS, THEIR OPERATORS AND ROBOTS!"

TIME FOR "THE GOD OF LOVE!" TO "BLESS THE GOOD SOULS!" BE A "GOOD SOUL!" NOW!

​​PLEASE SEE THE PRIOR POST: "THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT!" CHRIST'S WORDS ARE GOD'S PATH TO HEAVEN & CLOSER ONENESS! CREATE "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO GOD!" NOW! VLAD WILL GET HIS BILLIONS INVESTED IN DONNY THE DUNCE DON! TRUMP WINS NAZI AMERICA! TRUMP LOOSES CIVIL WAR! VLAD'S LAST CHANCE!

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"YOU WILL KNOW THEM BY THE FRUITS OF THEIR EFFORTS!"

"THANK GOD!" "IT IS THE END!" . . OF . . "RUTHLESS RULE BY THE SUPER RICH!" GOD WAS WAITING UNTIL "THE SIBERIAN METHANE MONSTER" EXPLODED HYPER-EXPONENTIALLY, EXPLODING "THE FIREY WAVES OF DEATH," AS LA HAS EXPERIENCED, GLOBALLY, BY 2027!

IF IT WEREN'T FOR SATAN'S EMPIRE OF NAZI TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER FASCISTS AND THE ANTI-CHRISTIAN RIGHT, IT COULD HAVE BEEN MILLIONS OF YEARS OF TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER CAPITALISM AND TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER SOCIALISM, WHICH ARE NEITHER CAPITALIST OR SOCIALIST! THEY ARE GANGSTERS RUTHLESSLY CONTROLLING THE WORLD'S INCOME, WEALTH & POWER BY THEIR PURE EVIL GREED FOR MONEY! ENJOY "THE HELL OF ALL HELLS" YOUR PURE EVIL GREED CAUSED! VERY SOON!

THE GOOD NEWS! SATAN'S MAFIA DEVIL DONS ARE ACCELERATING "THE FIREY WAVES OF DEATH" AS RAPIDLY AS POSSIBLE! "GO BAM BAM DONNY DON!' "DRILL BABY DRILL!" WILL EXPLODE "HOT STUFF!" "THE SIBERIAN METHANE MONSTER," WHEN "THE ARCTIC IS COMPLETELY ICE FREE," BY 2027! PRAY 2025! AS THEN IT WILL BE . . 

"THE SECOND COMING" AND "THE FINAL JUDGEMENT!" STOPPING THE PERSECUTION OF BILLIONS FOR THE RUTHLESS, PURE EVIL GREED, OF THE WORLD'S BILLIONAIRES. THANK GOD! PLUS, ALTHOUGH I AM COMFY COZY AS "Little jC Burlington Girl," JAZZIE CANT WAIT TO GO HOME AND BE GOD'S BEAUTIFUL DAUGHTER.

​LIVING IN GCA'S, "GODS CLOSEST & ANGELS," THE MOST BLESSED SOULS, IN AN AMAZINGLY GOD'S SPIRIT FILLED MUSIC, ARTS, THEOLOGY, SCIENCE, CULTURE HEAVENLY MOST BLESSED EXPERIENCES TO HELP ALL SOULS TO "BECOME ONE WITH JESUS!" "I CAN'T WAIT TO GET HOME!" FOR ALL OF THOSE POOR SOULS SUFFERING! AND TO "BECOME ONE WITH JESUS, SARAYU, MAMMA AND FATHER GOD!" VERY SOON PLEASE! LOVES AND KISSES, JAZZIE

"BECOME ONE WITH JESUS!" DO "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO THE GOD OF LOVE!" BECOME A TRUE APOSTLE OF CHRIST! BECOME A DEVOTED DANISH BEST OF THE BEST NORDIC CHRISTIAN HUMANIST! "BECOME ONE WITH JESUS" BY PASSIONATELY LOVING GOD & GOOD ABOVE ALL ELSE! THEN LOVE OTHER'S WITH GOD'S LOVE. MOST IMPORTANTLY, HELP "TAKE CARE OF THOSE IN NEED!" NOT "YOUR EVIL GREED FOR MONEY!"

"THE SECOND COMING" AND "THE FINAL JUDGEMENT" BY 2027! "BECOME ONE!" NOW!
THE DEVILS . . SATAN'S MAFIA NAZI TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER FASCIST KLEPTOCRATS! THE GANGSTERS TAKE TOTAL CONTROL OF SATAN'S EMPIRE! "TAKING THE LIGHT SPEED TRAIN INTO THE DEPTHS OF THE HELL OF ALL HELLS!" ACCELERATING HYPER-EXPONENTIALLY "THE FIREY WAVES OF DEATH" THAT ARE NOW TORCHING LA!

DO NOT SUPPORT THESE EVIL GANGSTER KLEPTOCRAT FASCISTS! OR RISK FRYING IN THE HELL OF ALL HELLS WITH THEM! VERY SOON! BY 2027!

SUPPORT THE DANES/GOD'S MODEL! THE VERY EXTENSIVE PROOFS ARE ON THIS POST AND GOD'S SITE, THAT THE DANES AND THE BEST OF THE BEST NORDIC POLICIES, ARE "THE NARROW GATES TO HEAVEN," AS THEY HONOR "CHRIST'S ONE COMMANDMENT" "TAKE CARE OF THOSE IN NEED!" NOT "YOUR RUTHLESS GREED FOR MONEY!" OR "I WILL FRY YOU IN THE VERY HELL OF ALL HELLS" YOU DAMNED MY CHILDREN/SOULS TO SUFFER IN! 

AS I AM ONE WITH ALL OF MY CHILDREN! WHAT "YOU DO" OR WHAT "YOU DON'T DO" TO "THE LEAST OF MY CHILDREN/SOULS" "YOU DO TO ME!" "YOU DAMNED ME TO SUFFER IN THE HELL OF ALL HELLS" THAT I / GOD HAS LAID OUT ON THIS POST, AND ON GOD'S SITE.

TO THE SUPER EVIL SUPER RICH! WHAT "YOU DID NOT DO TO ME!" THE LORD GOD! IS WHAT THE DANES AND THE NORDICS HAVE DONE FOR THEIR PEOPLE, WHICH IS LAID OUT BELOW IN EXTENSIVE DETAIL! WHAT "YOU DID TO ME" IS ALSO LAID OUT IN THESE GRAPHS, TABLES, ARTICLES AND ON GOD'S SITE.

NOW "THE EVIL RICH AND THEIR OPERATORS AND ROBOTS" WILL SUFFER IN "THE FIREY WAVES OF DEATH" "YOUR PURE EVIL GREED FOR MONEY CAUSED!" DO NOT SUPPORT THESE EVIL SATAN'S MAFIA DONS!

​"YOU WILL KNOW THEM BY THE FRUITS OF THEIR EFFORTS!"

SUPPORT THE DANISH/BEST OF THE BEST NORDIC MODEL POLICIES! THESE ARE "THE NARROW GATES TO HEAVEN!" BE BLESSED! BE A TRUE PROGRESSIVE CHRISTIAN HUMANIST, OR AT LEAST A TRUE PROGRESSIVE HUMANIST, IF YOU DON'T KNOW GOD YET!

"THE SECOND COMING!" & "THE FINAL JUDGEMENT" BY 2027! PREPARE YOUR SOUL! DO "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO THE GOD OF LOVE!" NOW! PASSIONATELY LOVE GOD/GOOD!

​PLEASE SEE THE PRIOR POST: "THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT!" CHRIST'S WORDS ARE GOD'S PATH TO HEAVEN & CLOSER ONENESS! CREATE "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO GOD!" NOW! VLAD WILL GET HIS BILLIONS INVESTED IN DONNY THE DUNCE DON! TRUMP WINS NAZI AMERICA! TRUMP LOOSES CIVIL WAR! VLAD'S LAST CHANCE!
LA FIREY WAVES OF DEATH . . REPAIR BILL AS OF NOW . . $250 BILLION! ESTIMATED AMOUNT COVERED BY INSURANCE . . $20 BILLION! . . BETTER GET IN LINE TO "KISS SATAN'S MAFIA TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER FASCIST CON MAN OF CON MEN'S SATAN & VLAD'S DUNCE DON'S RING!"

​SELL YOUR SOUL TO SATAN . . OR . . NO RELEIF FOR THE REST! . . JUST MORE "TRILLIONS FOR THE BILLIONAIRES!" . . THE MOST EVIL SOCIETY TO EVER DISGRACE GOD'S NAME! SATAN'S EMPIRE OF NAZI TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER FASCIST KLEPTOCRATS!


"THANK GOD!" "IT IS THE END!" OF "RUTHLESS RULE BY THE SUPER RICH!"

"THE SECOND COMING!" & "THE FINAL JUDGEMENT" . . BY 2027! . . PREPARE YOUR SOULS! DO "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO THE GOD OF LOVE!"

​PLEASE SEE THE PRIOR POSTS: 
"LA FIREY WAVES OF DEATH!" GLOBE 2025-7! "IT IS THE END TIMES!" CLIMATE HELL=BILLIONAIRE LAND GRABS! INSURANCE HELL! PALISADES GONE NOT PARADISE W HOMES DUST! TREES NOT! TRUMP TORCHES LEFT=DONNY DRONES FIRES! TRUMPS IMPERIALISM JUSTIFIES PUTINS & GAZA!

​
2024 HEAT RECORDS OFF THE CHARTS! WHY? SIBERIAN / ARCTIC METHANE! "ABRUPT CLIMATE CHANGE HELL EXPLODES 2025!" COMPLETELY ICE FREE ARCTIC BY 2027, MAYBE 2025 = CLIMATE APOCALYPSE! A LOOK AT 2024'S CLIMATE DISASTERS! SUPPORT THE NORDIC/DANISH MODEL!


TRANS HELL COMING! SATAN/VLADS RUSSIAN PUPPET PRESIDENT DEVIL OF THE YEAR DON! WILL TRUMP WALL IN BURLINGTON & SEND IN WILD ANIMALS & PROGRESSIVES LIKE KING KOCH'S PARENTS? "THANK GOD!" "IT IS THE END!" DON'T SUPPORT THE DEVILS! WORK INIQUITY=FRY IN HELL

FORGET POLITICS & ORGANIZED RELIGION! IT IS ALL BS FOR THE BILLIONAIRES! EXCEPT NORDIC/DANISH CHRISTIAN HUMANISM! BECOME ONE WITH JESUS! DO "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO THE GOD OF LOVE!" REALLY SEEK TO FOLLOW CHRIST'S WORDS AND EXAMPLE EVERY DAY IN EVERY WAY!

DANES OR DEVILS! GIVE THANKS 4 SATAN'S EMPIRE ANTI-CHRISTIAN DONS & ROBOTS THAT INSURED GLOBAL OMNICIDE RAPIDLY! THANKS DANES/NORDICS 4 BEING TRUE CHRISTIANS! SHOWING US THE NARROW PATH & GATES TO HEAVEN! CHOOSE DANISH/NORDIC CHRISTIAN! GOD NOT MONEY!

"THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT!" CHRIST'S WORDS ARE GOD'S PATH TO HEAVEN & CLOSER ONENESS! CREATE "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO GOD!" NOW! VLAD WILL GET HIS BILLIONS INVESTED IN DONNY THE DUNCE DON! TRUMP WINS NAZI AMERICA! TRUMP LOOSES CIVIL WAR! VLAD'S LAST CHANCE!

"CHRIST'S MOST PROFOUND PROPHECY!" WHEN "THE ARCTIC IS ICE FREE!" "STRONG EL NINO COLLAPSE OF AMOC & THE 2ND  COMING!" "BECOME ONE II!" TRANS HELL! PASSIONATELY LOVE GOD! NOT MONEY! GIVE YOUR WEALTH & LIFE TO GOD! OMICRON VARIANT 10X PLUS CONTAGIOUS!
SATURDAY, JANUARY 18, 2025
​

BY SAM CARANA, WHO R U? MUST FOLLOW! https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/

Why downplay the need for action?

The 2024 global average surface temperature was 1.55°C above the 1850-1900 average, according to WMO’s consolidated analysis of six datasets. 
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Differences between datasets are mainly due to the ways temperatures are measured, e.g. ERA5 measures the temperature of the air above oceans, whereas NASA and NOAA measure the surface temperature of the water, which is lower. There can also be differences in how temperatures are measured in areas with sea ice - the sea ice can be measured, or the water underneath the sea ice, or the air above the sea ice. Also, in some areas there once was sea ice that has meanwhile disappeared. Different ways of measuring things can raise the temperature record by as much as 0.2°C and even more in case of earlier years, where the margin of error is also larger. 

Importantly, the temperature rise in the above image is compared to the period 1850-1900, which is not pre-industrial. When using a genuinely pre-industrial base, the temperature anomaly may already have been above the 2°C threshold in 2015, when politicians at the Paris Agreement pledged that this threshold wouldn't be crossed.
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“Individual years pushing past the 1.5 degree limit do not mean the long-term goal is shot", UN Secretary-General Antóno Guterres says: “It is important to emphasize that a single year of more than 1.5°C for a year does NOT mean that we have failed to meet Paris Agreement long-term temperature goals, which are measured over decades rather than an individual year", WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo adds. 

However, for this argument to hold, the average anomaly would need to fall to under 1.5°C from now. Should we really have to wait for another decade or two, before a confirmation is allowed to be issued that 1.5°C has been crossed. Isn't such a mandate part of downplaying how dire the situation is, an effort to delay the necessary action? Moreover, does such a mandate make sense? 
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To illustrate this point, the above image uses NASA anomalies (blue dots) that are conservatively compared to NASA's default 1951-1980 base, with data going back to 2010. The image thus shows a 30-year review period centered around January 1, 2025. Eight imaginary years of data have been added beyond existing data, extending the trend into the future (yellow dots). The wide pink trend is based on both NASA existing data and these imaginary data, jointly covering data from 2010-2032. The narrow black trend is not based on imaginary data, it is purely based on existing data, from 2010-2024, showing the potential for such a trend to eventuate when using existing (i.e. past) data only.
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In case such a trend would indeed eventuate, confirmation of the crossing of the 1.5°C threshold should NOT be delayed until all the years of a 30-year period have been entirely completed. In fact, 2°C (vs 1951-1980) would already be crossed early 2026. In the course of 2032, a 16°C rise would be reached, while the average anomaly for the period 2010-2032 would be higher than 3°C (vs 1951-1980) with still 7 years to go before the 30-year period would be completed.

Warnings about the potential for such a rise have been sounded before, e.g. see the extinction page
 and the update of the image below with daily data and added trends.
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While La Niña conditions are definitely present in January 2025, the La Niña is expected to be short-lived. Temperatures are typically suppressed during La Niña. Despite temperatures being suppressed, the global surface air temperature reached 13.28°C on January 20, 2025, the highest temperature on record for the time of year, according to ERA5 data. Temperatures keep rising, as indicated by the trends added to the data, despite La Niña. Will a new El Niño emerge in the course of 2025?
​
Human extinction at 3°C

If the temperature does indeed keep rising rapidly, the anomaly compared to pre-industrial may soon be higher than 3°C, implying that humans are already functionally extinct, especially if no decisive, comprehensive and effective action is taken.

Analysis by Shona and Bradshaw (2019) finds that, due to co-extinction, global biodiversity collapse occurs at around 5°C heating, as discussed in this 2019 post
. The post adds the warning that a rise of more than 5°C could happen within a decade, possibly by 2026, and that humans who depend on many other species will likely go extinct with a 3°C rise.
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A recent study by Joseph Williamson et al. finds that many species that live together appear to share remarkably similar thermal limits. That is to say, individuals of different species can tolerate temperatures up to similar points. This is deeply concerning as it suggests that, as ecosystems warm due to climate change, species will disappear from an ecosystem at the same time rather than gradually, resulting in sudden biodiversity loss. It also means that ecosystems may exhibit few symptoms of heat stress before a threshold of warming is passed and catastrophic losses occur. 

Arctic temperatures and sea ice

As mentioned above, different ways of measuring arctic temperatures can lead to different results. The combination image below shows that a different smoothing radius can result in different anomalies. Gray areas signify missing data. Ocean data are not used over land nor within 100 km of a reporting land station.
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The image below shows December 2024 Arctic temperature anomalies compared to 1951-1980 using ERA5 data.
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​The above image raises the question as to what caused the low anomalies over Greenland and Baffin Bay, compared to the rest of the Arctic. Consider the following:  

The increase in the Earth's energy imbalance results in an increase in kinetic energy in the atmosphere and oceans, i.e. stronger wind and stronger ocean currents, both in longitudinal and latitudinal directions. An earlier post points at a study that found increased kinetic energy in about 76% of the upper 2,000 meters of global oceans, as a result of intensification of surface winds since the 1990s.

While the wind overall is strengthening, the wind mainly appears to be strengthening in latitudinal directions. The Coriolis Effect contributes to that, but strengthening of latitudinal winds appears to be getting stronger over the years. Contributing to strengthening latitudinal wind is loss of sea ice at the poles, which comes with loss of albedo, a self-reinforcing feedback that contributes to polar amplification of the temperature rise. 

Polar amplification narrows the difference in temperature between the Equator and the Poles, which results in a relative slowing down of the speed at which heat flows from the Equator to the poles (longitudinal wind). This causes changes in both wind patterns and ocean currents, such as deformation of the Jet Stream, slowing down of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), and changes in ocean currents around Antarctica that carry heat from the Southern Ocean closer to Antarctica and from there to the deeper ocean. 

Deformation of the Jet Stream can cause cold air from the Arctic to descend over the continents. Meanwhile, the temperature of the sea surface keeps increasing. In other words, the temperature difference between land and sea can increase, and this can occur especially during the  in turn can strengthen latitudinal wind. 


While such conditions vary with the weather, all such mechanisms can contribute to strengthening wind, especially in latitudinal directions, as illustrated by the image below.
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The above image shows the wind strength anomaly at 250 hPa in December 2024. The image below shows how this keeps cold air in December 2024 at 250 hPa over elevated land in the Arctic in place, thus keeping temperatures low over Greenland and Baffin Island. 
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At the same time, as said, ocean heat keeps increasing, resulting in melting of sea ice from below. The image below shows Arctic sea ice extent through January 19, 2025. 
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During the first few months of the year, Arctic sea ice is still growing in extent. In the above image, the red line and red marker shows 2025 sea ice extent. Dots mark Arctic sea ice extent on January 19 for the respective year and Arctic sea ice extent was at a record low for the time of year on January 19, 2025, despite La Niña conditions. 

A new El Niño may emerge in the course of 2025, while both Arctic sea ice extent and volume are at record low, while numerous self-reinforcing feedbacks are kicking in with accelerating ferocity and while further mechanisms are active that drive up temperatures such as high sunspots
. Such a combination of mechanisms could cause a huge temperature rise and a Blue Ocean Event in 2025, threatening huge amounts of methane to erupt from the seafloor.
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The above image shows a green circle south of Svalbard with a 5.1°C sea surface temperature on January 18, 2025, 3.4°C higher than 1981-2011. 

High ocean temperatures result in low Arctic sea ice volume, as illustrated by the image on the right and as discussed in this earlier post.
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Guy McPherson discussed the consequences of an ice-free Arctic Ocean in the video below, adding that "a near-term, ice-free Arctic Ocean—the so-called Blue Ocean Event—is the extinction-causing event over which we have the least control. The rate of environmental change in the wake of such an event will suffice to cause the extinction of all life on Earth. 
I’m not a fan." ​
​
Climate Emergency Declaration

The situation is dire and the precautionary principle calls for rapid, comprehensive and effective action to reduce the damage and to improve the situation, as described in this 2022 post, where needed in combination with a Climate Emergency Declaration, as discussed at this group.
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Links

• WMO confirms 2024 as warmest year on record at about 1.55°C above pre-industrial level

https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/wmo-confirms-2024-warmest-year-record-about-155degc-above-pre-industrial-level


• Met Office - 2024: record-breaking watershed year for global climate 
https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/news-and-media/media-centre/weather-and-climate-news/2025/2024-record-breaking-watershed-year-for-global-climate

• Berkeley Earth - Global Temperature Report for 2024 
https://berkeleyearth.org/global-temperature-report-for-2024

• NASA - Goddard Institute Surface Temperature (GISTEMP v4) analysis 
https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp

• NASA - Temperatures Rising: NASA Confirms 2024 Warmest Year on Record 
https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/temperatures-rising-nasa-confirms-2024-warmest-year-on-record
• NOAA - 2024 was the world’s warmest year on record 
https://www.noaa.gov/news/2024-was-worlds-warmest-year-on-record

• Paris Agreement
https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement

• pre-industrial
https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/p/pre-industrial.html

• Extinction 

https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/p/extinction.html

• When will we die?
https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2019/06/when-will-we-die.html

• Clustered warming tolerances and the nonlinear risks of biodiversity loss on a warming planet - by Joseph Williamson et al.
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.2023.0321
also discussed on Facebook at: 
https://www.facebook.com/groups/arcticnews/posts/10162295497964679

• Sunspots
https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/p/sunspots.html

• Climate Reanalyzer
https://climatereanalyzer.org

• Arctic and Antarctic Data Archive System (ADS) of the National Institute of Polar Research of Japan
https://ads.nipr.ac.jp

• nullschool.net
https://earth.nullschool.net

• Double Blue Ocean Event 2025?
https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2024/10/double-blue-ocean-event-2025.html

• Guy McPherson - consequences of an ice-free Arctic Ocean
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sK97O9Buqmk

• Danish Meteorological Institute - Arctic sea ice volume and thickness
https://ocean.dmi.dk/arctic/icethickness/thk.uk.php

• The first ice-free day in the Arctic Ocean could occur before 2030 - by Céline Heuzé et al. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-54508-3
also discussed on facebook at: 
https://www.facebook.com/groups/arcticnews/posts/10162207185219679

​• Transforming Society

https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2022/10/transforming-society.html

• Climate Plan
https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/p/climateplan.html

• Climate Emergency Declaration
https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/p/climate-emergency-declaration.html
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Happiest Countries in the World 2024

Snapshot
  • Happiness is measured using six categories including GDP per capita, social support, and healthy life expectancy, among others.
  • Northern European countries dominate the top of the happiness rankings, reflecting strong social support systems and high standards of living.
  • Finland is ranked as the happiest country in the world in 2024, with Denmark and Iceland following closely behind.

Since 2002, the World Happiness Report has used statistical analysis to determine the world's happiest countries. In its 2024 update, the report concluded that Finland is the happiest country in the world. To determine the world's happiest country, researchers analyzed comprehensive Gallup polling data from 143 countries for the past three years, specifically monitoring performance in six particular categories: gross domestic product per capita, social support, healthy life expectancy, freedom to make your own life choices, generosity of the general population, and perceptions of internal and external corruption levels.

In order to properly compare each country's data, the researchers created a fictional country—christened Dystopia—filled with "the world's least-happy people." They then set Dystopia as the rock bottom value in each of the six categories and measured the scores of the real-world countries against this value.

All six variables were then blended to create a single combined score for each country. Six out of the top seven happiest countries in the world for 2024 were Northern European countries. Finland took top honors—for the tenth year in a row—with an overall score of 7.741, followed (in order) by Denmark (7.583), Iceland (7.525), Sweden (7.344), Israel (7.341), the Netherlands (7.319), and Norway (7.302).


The least happy country in the world for 2024 was Afghanistan, whose 143rd-place ranking of 1.721 can be attributed in part to a low life expectancy rate, low gross domestic product rates per capita, and perhaps most importantly, the recent Taliban takeover of Afghanistan. Rounding out the bottom five are Lebanon(2.707), Lesotho (3.186), Sierra Leone (3.245), and DR Congo (3.295).

1. Finland. 7.74
2. Denmark. 7.58
3. Iceland. 7.53
4. Sweden. 7.34
5. Israel. 7.34
6. Netherlands. 7.32
7. Norway. 7.3
8. Luxembourg. 7.12
9. Australia. 7.06
10 Switzerland. 7.06


The Top 7 Happiest Countries in the World (plus an inspiring honorable mention) for 2024:

Finland

Finland
ranks as the world's happiest country based on the 2024 report, with a score of 7.741 out of a total possible score of 10. The citizens of Finland have strong feelings of communal support and mutual trust that not only helped secure the #1 ranking but also helped the country as a whole navigate the COVID-19 pandemic. During that trying time, Finlanders felt strongly that they were free to make their own choices and showed minimal suspicion of government corruption. Both of these factors are strong contributors to overall happiness.

Denmark

The second-happiest country in the world is Denmark, which scores 7.583. Denmark's values for each of the six variables are quite comparable to those of Finland. In fact, Denmark has even outscored the leader in multiple categories, including GDP per capita and generosity. The country also scored the highest in happiness among older adults (60+).

Iceland

Iceland
ranks as 2024's third-happiest country in the entire world, with a total score of 7.525. Of the top seven happiest countries around the globe, Iceland boasts the highest feeling of social support. Iceland also had the second-highest generosity score in the top seven, though it's worth noting that it ranked only 11th worldwide. Iceland is also a happier country for the youngsters at #4 than Finland (#7) and Denmark (#5).

Sweden

Fourth-place Sweden (7.344) ranks only #18 for happiness among the younger people (aged below 30). Yet, it is also #4 in older adults’ happiness. In fact, according to the report, along with Norway, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Spain, Sweden is a country where the old are now significantly happier than the young, while in Portugal, Greece, and Israel the opposite is true.


Israel


Fifth in the ranks of the happiest countries with a score of 7.341, Israel showed emotional resilience in the wake of the October 7th attack. Israel occupies the second spot for the happiness of the young people, just behind Lithuania. However, conversely to Sweden and Norway, the older Israelis are significantly less happy than their young fellow citizens, the country ranking #18 for senior citizens’ happiness.

Netherlands

Edging out Norway for the honor of sixth-happiest country in the world is the Netherlands (also known as Holland to many tulip lovers), with a score of 7.319. The Netherlands scored higher in the generosity category than any other top-seven country and also had the highest GDP.

Norway

The citizens of seventh-place Norway (7.302) feel they are being well cared for by their government thanks to universal healthcare and free college tuition. Norwegians also enjoy a healthy work-life balance, working an average of 27 hours per week vs. 36 hours per week in the United States. Additionally, Norway has a low crime rate and a strong sense of community among its citizens—a quality it shares with many in the top seven.

Honorable Mention: Bhutan

​Bhutan
was previously excluded from the 2021 report due to a technicality: each country's scores were based upon detailed Gallup polls, but Gallup did not conduct polling in Bhutan during the required timeframe. In the 1970s, the 4th King of Bhutan stated, “Gross National Happiness is more important than Gross Domestic Product.” Since then, the idea of Gross National Happiness (GNH) has influenced Bhutan’s development policy. Its GNH Index value increased from 0.743 in 2010 to 0.781 in 2022. With a focus on mindfulness and well-being, Bhutan may soon give some of its Northern European counterparts a run for their money in terms of people’s happiness.
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Happiest Countries in the World 2024

WORLD HAPPINESS REPORT PDF​

In this issue of the World Happiness Report we focus on the happiness of people at different stages of life. In the seven ages of man in Shakespeare’s As You Like It, the later stages of life are portrayed as deeply depressing. But happiness research shows a more nuanced picture, and one that is changing over time.

In the West, the received wisdom was that the young are the happiest and that happiness thereafter declines until middle age, followed by substantial recovery. But since 2006-10, as we shall see, happiness among the young (aged 15-24) has fallen sharply in North America – to a point where the young are less happy than the old. Youth happiness has also fallen (but less sharply) in Western Europe.

By contrast, happiness at every age has risen sharply in Central and Eastern Europe, so that young people are now equally happy in both parts of Europe. In the former Soviet Union and East Asia too there have been large increases in happiness at every age, while in South Asia and the Middle East and North Africa happiness has fallen at every age.

It is of course an issue to what extent these changes reflect generational changes that can be expected to persist as each generation gets older. In pioneering work, Chapter 2 disentangles the effect of which cohort you are in from that of age. At the global level, it reveals a lower level of happiness among people born since 1980.

One thing is the average level of happiness, another is its dispersion. Since 2006-10, the inequality of happiness has increased in every region except Europe – another worrying trend. As usual, all these trends are discussed in Chapter 2, together with the country rankings.

The position of the young is discussed in finer detail in Chapter 3. This draws on a wide range of data sources and also includes data for young people aged 10-15. The rest of the report focuses on the old. As Chapter 4 stresses, the greatest plague in old age is dementia. Fortunately, new and accumulating research demonstrates that higher well-being is a protective factor against future dementia.

In addition, there are significant environmental and behavioral strategies that improve the lives of those living with dementia. Finally, Chapter 5 focuses on India, the first such chapter in the World Happiness Report. It stresses that in India, the world’s most populous country, with a rapidly growing elder share, happiness rises into old age,more so for men than women.


In what follows, we give summaries of each chapter, which will hopefully tempt readers to read further.

Chapter 2. Happiness for the young, the old and those in between

Overall rankings
  • The top 10 countries have remained much the same since before COVID. Finland is still top, with Denmark now very close, and all five Nordic countries in the top 10. But in the next 10, there is more change, with the transition countries of Eastern Europe rising in happiness (especially Czechia, Lithuania and Slovenia). Partly for this reason the United States and Germany have fallen to 23 and 24 in the rankings.

Happiness by age group
  • In many but not all regions, the young are happier than the old. But in North America happiness has fallen so sharply for the young that they are now less happy than the old. By contrast, in the transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the young are much happier than the old. In Western Europe as a whole happiness is similar at all ages, while elsewhere it tends to decline over the life cycle (with an occasional upturn for the old).
  • For these reasons, the ranking of countries by happiness is very different for the young and for the old. As between generations, after taking into account age and life circumstances, those born before 1965 have life evaluations about one-quarter of a point higher than those born after 1980.

Changes in happiness since 2006-2010: by age group
  • The countries of Central and Eastern Europe have had the largest increase in happiness – by similar amounts in all age groups. The gains in the former Soviet Union were half as large. In East Asia too there were large increases, especially among the old.
  • By contrast, happiness fell in South Asia in all age groups. It also fell in North America, especially among the young. And it fell in the Middle East and North Africa in all age groups.
  • In Central and Eastern Europe, the young are now as happy as in Western Europe, and among the old the gap between East and West is one half of what it was in 2006-10, though still large (one whole point on the scale of 0 to 10).

Inequality of happiness
  • Since 2006-10 there has been a large increase in the inequality of happiness in every region except Europe. And it has increased especially for the old. The biggest increase is in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Negative emotions
  • Negative emotions are more frequent now than in 2006-2010 everywhere except in East Asia and in Europe. In fact in Central and Eastern Europe, negative emotions are now less frequent in all age groups than they were in 2006-2010.
  • In 2021-2023 negative emotions were in every region more prevalent for females than males. Almost everywhere the gender gap is larger at older ages.

Positive emotions
  • In all regions the frequency of positive emotions has changed since 2006-2010 in the same direction as life evaluations. But the age patterns differ. The frequency of positive emotions in every region is highest for those under 30, thereafter steadily declining with age in every region except North America, where positive emotions are least frequent for those in the middle age groups.

Benevolence by generation
  • The COVID crisis led to a worldwide increase in the proportion of people who have helped others in need. This increase in benevolence has been large for all generations, but especially so for those born since 1980, who are even more likely than earlier generations to help others in need.

Social support, loneliness and social interactions
  • In almost every global region comparably measured feelings of social support are more than twice as prevalent as loneliness. Both social support and loneliness affect happiness, with social support usually having the larger effect. Social interactions of all kinds also add to happiness, in addition to their effects flowing through increases in social support and reductions in loneliness.

​Read Chapter 2 of the World Happiness Report 2024.

Chapter 3. Child and Adolescent Well-being: Global Trends, Challenges and Opportunities
  • In most countries life satisfaction drops gradually from childhood through adolescence and into adulthood. Globally, young people aged 15-24 still report higher life satisfaction than older adults. But this gap is narrowing in Western Europe and recently reversed in North America due to falling life satisfaction among the young. Conversely, in Sub-Saharan Africa life satisfaction has increased among the young.
  • Overall, globally, young people aged 15-24 experienced improved life-satisfaction between 2006 and 2019, and stable life satisfaction since then. But the picture varied by region. Youth wellbeing fell in North America, Western Europe, Middle East and North Africa, and South Asia. In the rest of the world it rose.
  • Turning to younger ages (10-15), evidence is limited. In high income countries, life satisfaction has declined since 2019, especially for girls. For East Asian countries, life satisfaction increased in 2019. Before 2019, the evidence on trends is mixed.
  • Girls report lower life satisfaction than boys by around the age of 12. This gap widens at ages 13 and 15, and the pandemic has amplified the difference. All these remarks apply only to high-income countries since data on these young ages is rarely gathered elsewhere. For ages 15-24, global data shows no global gender differences from 2006 until 2013. But from 2014, females began reporting higher life satisfaction than males, although the gap has narrowed after the pandemic. This global gender gap masks regional differences, and is more pronounced in lower-income countries. There are no gender differences in high-income countries.

Read Chapter 3 of the World Happiness Report 2024.

Chapter 4. Supporting the Well-being of an Aging Global Population: Associations between Well-being and Dementia
  • As the global population of older adults increases, the number of worldwide dementia cases is also expected to increase. Dementia is associated with reduced quality of life and well-being, and thus dementia prevention is critical to maintaining the well-being of an aging global population.
  • Higher levels of prior well-being have been robustly associated with lower risk for future dementia, suggesting that increasing well-being may be a promising non-pharmacological approach to dementia prevention. Among individuals living with dementia, there are environmental changes and well-being enhancing activities which have been shown to improve well-being.

Read Chapter 4 of the World Happiness Report 2024.

​Chapter 5. Differences in Life Satisfaction among Older Adults in India
  • Older age is associated with higher life satisfaction in India, refuting some claims that the positive association between age and life satisfaction only exists in high-income nations. However, older women in India report lower life satisfaction than older men.
  • Older adults with secondary or higher education and those of higher social castes report higher life satisfaction than counterparts without formal education and those from scheduled castes and scheduled tribes.
  • Satisfaction with living arrangements, perceived discrimination, and self-rated health emerged as the top three predictors of life satisfaction.

​Read Chapter 5 of the World Happiness Report 2024.
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COMPARE THE DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNMENT SPENDING IN DENMARK ABOVE TO US GOVERNMENT SPENDING BELOW!
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The next supermodel

​Politicians from both right and left could learn from the Nordic countries
Feb 2nd 2013

SMALLISH countries are often in the vanguard when it comes to reforming government. In the 1980s Britain was out in the lead, thanks to Thatcherism and privatisation. Tiny Singapore has long been a role model for many reformers. Now the Nordic countries are likely to assume a similar role.

That is partly because the four main Nordics—Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland—are doing rather well. If you had to be reborn anywhere in the world as a person with average talents and income, you would want to be a Viking. The Nordics cluster at the top of league tables of everything from economic competitiveness to social health to happiness. They have avoided both southern Europe’s economic sclerosis and America’s extreme inequality. Development theorists have taken to calling successful modernisation “getting to Denmark”. Meanwhile a region that was once synonymous with do-it-yourself furniture and Abba has even become a cultural haven, home to “The Killing”, Noma and “Angry Birds”.

As our special report this week explains, some of this is down to lucky timing: the Nordics cleverly managed to have their debt crisis in the 1990s. But the second reason why the Nordic model is in vogue is more interesting. To politicians around the world—especially in the debt-ridden West—they offer a blueprint of how to reform the public sector, making the state far more efficient and responsive.

From Pippi Longstocking to private schools

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The idea of lean Nordic government will come as a shock both to French leftists who dream of socialist Scandinavia and to American conservatives who fear that Barack Obama is bent on “Swedenisation”. They are out of date. In the 1970s and 1980s the Nordics were indeed tax-and-spend countries. Sweden’s public spending reached 67% of GDP in 1993. Astrid Lindgren, the inventor of Pippi Longstocking, was forced to pay more than 100% of her income in taxes. But tax-and-spend did not work: Sweden fell from being the fourth-richest country in the world in 1970 to the 14th in 1993.

Since then the Nordics have changed course—mainly to the right. Government’s share of GDP in Sweden, which has dropped by around 18 percentage points, is lower than France’s and could soon be lower than Britain’s. Taxes have been cut: the corporate rate is 22%, far lower than America’s. The Nordics have focused on balancing the books. While Mr Obama and Congress dither over entitlement reform, Sweden has reformed its pension system (see Free exchange). Its budget deficit is 0.3% of GDP; America’s is 7%.

On public services the Nordics have been similarly pragmatic. So long as public services work, they do not mind who provides them. Denmark and Norway allow private firms to run public hospitals. Sweden has a universal system of school vouchers, with private for-profit schools competing with public schools. Denmark also has vouchers—but ones that you can top up. When it comes to choice, Milton Friedman would be more at home in Stockholm than in Washington, DC.

All Western politicians claim to promote transparency and technology. The Nordics can do so with more justification than most. The performance of all schools and hospitals is measured. Governments are forced to operate in the harsh light of day: Sweden gives everyone access to official records. Politicians are vilified if they get off their bicycles and into official limousines. The home of Skype and Spotify is also a leader in e-government: you can pay your taxes with an SMS message.

This may sound like enhanced Thatcherism, but the Nordics also offer something for the progressive left by proving that it is possible to combine competitive capitalism with a large state: they employ 30% of their workforce in the public sector, compared with an OECD average of 15%. They are stout free-traders who resist the temptation to intervene even to protect iconic companies: Sweden let Saab go bankrupt and Volvo is now owned by China’s Geely. But they also focus on the long term—most obviously through Norway’s $600 billion sovereign-wealth fund—and they look for ways to temper capitalism’s harsher effects. Denmark, for instance, has a system of “flexicurity” that makes it easier for employers to sack people but provides support and training for the unemployed, and Finland organises venture-capital networks.

The sour part of the smorgasbord

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The new Nordic model is not perfect. Public spending as a proportion of GDP in these countries is still higher than this newspaper would like, or indeed than will be sustainable. Their levels of taxation still encourage entrepreneurs to move abroad: London is full of clever young Swedes. Too many people—especially immigrants—live off benefits. The pressures that have forced their governments to cut spending, such as growing global competition, will force more change. The Nordics are bloated compared with Singapore, and they have not focused enough on means-testing benefits.

All the same, ever more countries should look to the Nordics. Western countries will hit the limits of big government, as Sweden did. When Angela Merkel worries that the European Union has 7% of the world’s population but half of its social spending, the Nordics are part of the answer. They also show that EU countries can be genuine economic successes. And as the Asians introduce welfare states they too will look to the Nordics: Norway is a particular focus of the Chinese.
​

The main lesson to learn from the Nordics is not ideological but practical. The state is popular not because it is big but because it works. A Swede pays tax more willingly than a Californian because he gets decent schools and free health care. The Nordics have pushed far-reaching reforms past unions and business lobbies. The proof is there. You can inject market mechanisms into the welfare state to sharpen its performance. You can put entitlement programmes on sound foundations to avoid beggaring future generations. But you need to be willing to root out corruption and vested interests. And you must be ready to abandon tired orthodoxies of the left and right and forage for good ideas across the political spectrum. The world will be studying the Nordic model for years to come.
​

The 'Nordic model' of capitalism

​The five Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) are often characterised as being welfare capitalist, featuring a combination of free market activity and government intervention. However, the institutional frameworks and economic policy models have changed over time, and the ‘model’ used has varied between countries and throughout their history. The success of the Nordic economies has arguably shown that economic prosperity can go hand in hand with the welfare state. Current challenges include increasing wage differentials and an ageing population, however.

Institutional settings in the Nordic countries are fairly similar, due to their close cultural and historical roots. The Nordics are often characterised as welfare capitalist countries, featuring a combination of free market activity and government intervention. The institutional framework has changed over the course of time, however. In the post-war decades, many sectors of the economy, such as the financial markets, were highly regulated in all the Nordic countries. Economic planning and steering were at the fore in order to modernise the economy and promote growth. This changed radically in the 1980s and 1990s when a paradigm shift occurred, affecting both economic policy and institutional models. Market-based solutions were adopted, and the emphasis in economic policy, which had primarily been based on aggregate demand and/or investments, was transferred to monetary stability. 

Not just one ‘Nordic’ or ‘Scandinavian’ economic modelThe models have varied between the individual countries as well. In Finland and Sweden, top-down policies and direct intervention have been prevalent, and at times the state has been both strong and active. The state’s role in infrastructural investment has occasionally been significant and active growth policies have been prominent. In Finland, Norway and Sweden state-owned companies have had an important role. The Nordic model should, however, not be considered to be the same as a strong state and/or interventionist economic policy. Denmark can, moreover, be characterised as a more liberal economy, in which direct state interventions have been less common. Since the 1990s direct state intervention and regulation have decreased radically and in the wake of the international trend for privatisation since the 1990s, privatisation of state companies has occurred in the Nordic countries. 

Economic policy models have varied over time

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The adoption of economic policy models have varied over time, too. For example, Sweden and Denmark explicitly adopted the Keynesian model in the post-war period, while Finland’s economic policy focused more on promoting growth by keeping the investment rate high and expanding the export sector. The promotion of industrialisation was also important in Norway. In Sweden and Finland problems of competitiveness were, on the other hand, often solved by resorting to devaluations. The Nordic countries have been characterised by a certain amount of pragmatism in economic policy.

The Nordic model should not be considered to be the same as a strong state and/or interventionist economic policy. Aleksanterinkatu, Helsinki, Finland. Photo: Tapio Haaja, Unsplash.

The welfare state as the cornerstone of Nordic economic development

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Internationally the ‘Nordic model’ is often considered to mean welfare states and consensual policies in the labour market. The welfare state has been an important cornerstone in Nordic economic development, and during the post-war decades collective wage bargaining and policies to preserve peace in the labour market were common. Collaboration and co-ordination were key words. Although the development of the welfare state meant growing taxes and an expanding public sector, it also increased participation in gainful employment, especially among women. Investment in education has been a key goal in the Nordic countries and as a result the population has attained a high level of education. The labour supply has also been favoured by extensive immigration, particularly in Sweden and Denmark. Since the 1990s the proportion of foreigners in the labour force has increased in Finland and Norway too. 

The Nordics: countries with small income differentials

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Wage and income differentials have been small in the post-war period in the Nordic countries. This was partly a result of active policies. Since the 1990s income differentials have, however, shown a tendency to grow again. This is mainly due to the growing share of capital incomes, which tend to grow faster than salaries, while wage differentials are still fairly small. These trends are also a result of changes in labour market, however. Temporary labour contracts have become more common, and wage setting has become more decentralised. 

​A paradigm shift during the 1980s towards liberalisation and deregulation, and the financial crises of the 1990s also changed the role of the welfare state in the Nordic countries. Social benefits were reduced to promote incentives to seek employment. The tax burden was reduced and the public sector slimmed. As a consequence, public spending as a share of GDP has shrunk in the Nordic countries. For instance, in Sweden, where the public spending’s share of GDP was for a long time one of the highest in the world, the share has been reduced to just over 50% of GDP in 2019 (compared with, for example, the UK and Japan, where it is 42.2% and 39.4% respectively (2015 figures)).


'slush' is a widely acclaimed international conference for entrepreneurs and start-up businesses held in Helsinki annually. www.slush.org.                 

The welfare state can support economic growth

Despite public spending being reduced, the welfare state still holds a deep-rooted position in the Nordic societies. Research has also shown that a generous welfare state is not necessarily in conflict with economic prosperity, but that it can actually support economic growth. The Nordic countries provide a good example of welfare states, which, together with well-developed educational systems, have provided the economy with a highly educated and generally healthy labour force that is integrated in the labour market. This has boosted overall development. The investment role of the state can also be significant. Investments in education and technology, the promotion of innovation, and technological and organisational renewal have used up more public resources during recent decades than previously; these are seen as important for enhancing growth in the future.

Future challenges to Nordic economiesPrevious success is, however, never a guarantee for future success. Common to all the Nordic economies are challenges such as an ageing population, and the prolonged economic crises in Europe.

Further reading:
  • Gudmundur Jonsson, ed., Nordic Historical National Accounts (Reykjavík: University of Iceland Press, 2008).
  • Per Hull  Kristensen and Kari Lilja, eds., Nordic Capitalisms and Globalization: New Forms of Economic Organization and Welfare Institutions (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011).
  • Steffen Andersen, The Evolution of Nordic Finance (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011).
  • Susanna Fellman, Martin Jes Iversen, Hans Sjögren and Lars Thue, eds., Creating Nordic Capitalism – The Development of a Competitive Periphery (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008).
  • Torben M. Andersen, Bengt Holmström, Seppo Honkapohja, Sixten Korkman, Hans Tson Söderström and Juhana Vartiainen The Nordic Model. Embracing globalization and sharing risks (ETLA B232, 2007).​
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TAXES ON THE SUPER RICH HAVE BEEN SLASHED BY REAGAN BUSHES & TRUMP!
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Which Country Is Best to Start a Small Business in?
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By JEAN FOLGER
 
Updated January 31, 2023


The easiest countries in which to start and operate a business aren't necessarily the largest economies. Every year, the United Nations' World Bank Group—an international financial institution that offers loans, grants, and other resources to low- and middle-income countries for capital programs—publishes the Doing Business 2020 report, which looks specifically at which country is best to start a small business in. The rankings examine 190 countries worldwide, based on 10 key indicators:12
  • Starting a business
  • Dealing with construction permits
  • Getting electricity
  • Registering property
  • Getting credit
  • Protecting minority investors
  • Paying taxes
  • Trading across borders
  • Enforcing contracts
  • Resolving insolvency
If you're starting a business and wondering about your overseas options, here's a rundown of the top five countries where it's easiest to do business in 2020, along with the reasons these nations lead the World Bank’s Doing Business 2020 list.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
  • Every year, the World Bank Group releases its "Doing Business" report, which ranks the best countries to do business in, based on 10 key indicators.
  • In 2020, the top five countries best to start a business in were New Zealand, Singapore, Hong Kong (China), Denmark, and South Korea.
  • According to the 2020 report, 115 countries made it easier to do business in the past year, although Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America generally fall behind; no countries in Latin America make the top 50.

Top 5 International Countries to Start a Business in 

1. New Zealand For the fourth year in a row, New Zealand is the economy with the most business-friendly environment. The country earned top scores for "starting a business," the indicator that looks at the number of steps entrepreneurs can expect to go through to start up and formally operate a business, plus the time and cost it takes to complete those steps. It also ranked first for the indicator on "getting credit," which measures the strength of the country's legal rights and depth of credit information.
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The country also ranked well for registering property (second place) and protecting minority investors (third place). Thanks to a streamlined online process, starting a business in New Zealand only takes about half a day—the shortest time in the world.3

2. Singapore Singapore has maintained a consistent ranking as the world's second most business-friendly environment. Among the highlights, the country ranked second in terms of enforcing contracts and third for protecting minority investors. Singapore also ranked well for starting a business (fourth place) and dealing with construction permits (fifth place).

Recently, Singapore also simplified construction permits by improving its risk-based approach to inspections, improving the accessibility of soil information to the public, and making it easier to acquire a construction permit.

3. Hong Kong (China) Hong Kong, a special administrative region considered part of China, has worked its way up the list in recent years. It was ranked first for dealing with construction permits, second for paying taxes, and third for the ease of getting electricity. Reforms over the last few years have made it easier to start a business by doing the following:
  • Eliminating the requirement for a company seal
  • Improving access to credit by using a modern collateral registry
  • Making paying taxes easier and less costly for companies
  • Making it simpler to get electricity by streamlining the process for reviewing connection applications and installing meters.

4. Denmark Denmark is the fourth-easiest country in which to do business. It ranked highest in trading across borders (first place), and achieved fourth place for dealing with construction permits, and sixth for resolving insolvency. The report notes that Denmark made dealing with construction permits cheaper by eliminating fees for building permits.

In addition, Denmark also recently "lowered its paid-in minimum capital requirement from 50,000 kroner ($7,470) to 40,000 kroner ($5,975) for domestic limited liability companies."

5. South Korea The Republic of Korea ranked first in enforcing contracts and second in getting electricity. Other areas of strength included: getting electricity (second place) and enforcing contracts (second place). In recent years, the country has made advancements that have made transferring property easier and strengthened minority investor protections.

Overall, in Korea, it only takes 13 days to get electricity, while getting a road maintenance contract takes as little as 161 days.7 It's all about efficiency in this island nation: it is also the fastest economy to award public contracts in just four months after communicating the opportunity for the bid, collecting the bids, opening and evaluating them, and finally signing the contract and authorizing the beginning of the work.

The Bottom Line 

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These five countries listed are the easiest places in the world to do business, according to the World Bank’s Doing Business 2020 report. The report also notes that worldwide, 115 economies made it easier to do business in the past year with the most notable improvements coming from Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Togo. By region, Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America still fall behind on their ease of doing business; in fact, no countries in Latin America make the top 50.

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Top 10 Most Democratic Countries in the World
Published on October 9, 2023 at 11:28 pm by ASHAR JAWAD in News

6. Finland
Score: 7.5
Finland is a parliamentary republic under the 1999 constitution. It ranks fifth on the The Economist and 10th on V-dem Institute’s democracy indices.

5. Switzerland
Score: 5.5
Switzerland is a direct democracy, where the public not only votes to elect a government, but also on specific issues of national interest, such as amendment of the constitution.

4. New Zealand
Score: 4
Due to a strong rule of law, and fair and transparent electoral process, New Zealand ranks among the most democratic countries in the world. It is considered among the top ranked countries for political participation.

3. Denmark
Score: 3.5
Denmark is one of the most democratic countries in the world, and usually finds itself listed among the top ranked countries in all democracy indices. Denmark’s media is pluralist with a high degree of freedom. It received a solid 10/10 score from The Economist for its electoral process in its 2022 report.

2. Sweden
Score: 3
Sweden is the second most democratic country in the world. The country has a parliamentary system functioning under a constitutional monarchy. An estimated 74% of the Swedes are satisfied with democracy in their country.

1. Norway
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Score: 2
Norway is the most democratic country in the world. It scored 10 out of 10 on three metrics considered by The Economist’s Democracy Index 2022: electoral process and pluralism, political participation, and political culture. The country is ranked third on V-dem Institute’s Democracy Report 2023
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RECORD SHATTERING LOW SEA ICE IN THE ARCTIC AND ANTARCTICA!
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NEOLIBERAL RIGHT-WING HUNDRED MILLION TO BILLIONAIRE MONOPOLIST SLAVE OWNER FASCIST KINGS AND QUEENS HAVE HIJACKED THE US WEALTH & INCOME FROM . . "THE REST" . . SENSE THE ASSULT BEGAN IN 1980! 

THE REAGAN, BUSHS AND TRUMP'S FLEECING OF . . "THE REST" . . FOR . . "THE RUTHLESS RICH!" . . THE IMPACTS HAVE BEEN HORRIFIC! . . "THE BENEFITS . . HAVE NOT . . TRICKLED DOWN . . TO . . THE REST!" . . THE PROOF IS IN PART IN . . THE GRAPHS!
Most Environmentally Friendly Countries 2023

Environmentally friendly countries—alternately known as eco-friendly, nature-friendly, or green countries—are those that engage in processes and practices that minimize harm to ecosystems and the environment. The most desirable environmentally friendly practices are sustainable, meaning they can be carried out on an ongoing basis with little to no negative impact upon the world around them. The term "environmentally friendly" is often also applied to goods and services, laws, guidelines, and policies that inflict minimal (or no) damage upon the environment and ecosystems. Environmentally friendly products, processes, and practices impose no harm to the natural environment, help conserve resources like water and energy, and do not contribute to air, water, and land pollution.

How to measure a country's environmental friendliness: the Environmental Performance Index

Compiled annually by Yale University's Center for Environmental Law & Policy, the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is a statistical method of computing the collective environmental impact of all of a country’s policies combined.

The 2020 Environmental Performance Index ranks 180 countries across 32 performance indicators related to environmental health and ecosystem vitality, from the amount of particulate pollution in the air and the purity of drinking water to the health of fish stocks and the management of wetlands. The EPI then combines these scores into a single overall score that ranges from 100 (best) to 0 (worst). These scores provide a foundation from which governments can see how close they are to their established environmental policy goals and implement effective environmental policies.


Top 10 Most Environmentally Friendly Countries in the World (2022 EPI):
  1. Denmark — 77.9
  2. United Kingdom — 77.7
  3. Finland — 76.5
  4. Malta — 75.2
  5. Sweden — 72.7
  6. Luxembourg — 72.3
  7. Slovenia — 67.3
  8. Austria — 66.5
  9. Switzerland — 65.9
  10. Iceland — 62.9

Profiles of the world's most environmentally friendly countries

1. Denmark — 77.9
As in most countries, Denmark's EPI score of 77.9 in 2022 was notably lower than its 2020 score of 82.5. Nonetheless, Denmark again earns the title of most environmentally friendly country in the world. Denmark stands out for its high scores in "nearly all issues tracked by the EPI", and garnered extra praise for its efforts in the fields of clean energy and sustainable agriculture. Denmark is also one of only a handful of countries on track to reach "net zero" CO₂ emissions by 2050. In addition to implementing some of the world's most efficient policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and prevent climate change, Denmark has long focused upon sustainability, championing clean products such as eco-friendly hotels, solar-powered boats, and organic food.

2. United Kingdom — 77.7
The United Kingdom's 2022 EPI score of 77.7 was the second-highest in the world, and the country's 23-point improvement over the ten years from 2012 to 2022 was the third-highest of any country. The report's creators specifically singled out the UK's efforts to control greenhouse gas emissions—like Denmark, the UK is one of very few countries currently on schedule to reduce their net CO₂ emissions to zero by 2050. The UK was also one of six countries to post a perfect score of 100 for sanitation and drinking water, and scores high for its management of solid household fuels and soil acidification.

3. Finland — 76.5
The country with the third-highest EPI rating (76.5) in 2022, Finland ties several other high-scoring countries for first place in several performance indicators, including Marine Protected Areas, Grassland Loss (protection), Soil Acidification, Wastewater Treatment, Household Solid Fuels, PM2.5 (air quality), Sanitation, Drinking Water, Heavy Metals, and "Black Carbon" Emissions. About 35% of Finland’s power comes from renewable energy resources, and forest and wildlife conservation are high priorities.

4. Malta — 75.2
Vaulting into fourth place is Malta, which ranked 23rd on the 2020 EPI but has improved by 25.4 points between 2012 and 2022, the biggest gain of any country in the world during that period. Malta tied for first place in categories including its protection of tree cover, its marine trophic index (which measures the quality of fish in its fisheries), the quality of its drinking water, N₂O emissions. Malta is also one of only three countries, along with Ireland and Botswana, to share a first-place ranking in greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity growth rate, which measures a country's ability to grow economically without increasing its greenhouse gas emissions.

5. Sweden — 72.7
Fifth place belongs to Sweden, which scores at or near the top in multiple categories related to air and water quality, such as Soil Acidification and PM2.5 (which measures particulate pollution in the atmosphere). Sweden also ranks second-in-the-world for Sustainable Pesticide Use, just one place behind Australia, and has the fourth-best management of Heavy Metals (lead) in the world. Sweden is one of the planet's most sustainable countries, known for its use of renewable energy sources and low carbon dioxide emissions.

6. Luxembourg — 72.3
​
The small European country of Luxembourg—the sixth-most environmentally friendly country in the world—scores well in several Biodiversity-related categories. It is ranked second in the world at protecting its various plant and animal species, behind only Botswana. Luxembourg also posts top scores in the categories of Sanitation, Waste Management, Household Solid Fuels, and Soil Acidification. Perhaps most impressive is the fact that Luxembourg has made significant progress in protecting its environmental health despite having a rapidly growing population and the highest gross domestic product per capita in the world.

7. Slovenia — 67.3
​
The highest-ranking Eastern-European country in the 2023 EPI, Slovenia ranks only 35th in terms of overall air quality thanks to its unfortunate greenhouse gas emissions. However, it ranks second in the world in terms of overall Ecosystem Vitality, with top-ranked Terrestrial Biomes, minimal Wetland Loss and Soil Acidification, and excellent Species Protections. According to the EPI, more than 30% of Slovenia's territory is protected land, the highest percentage of any European country.

8. Austria — 66.5
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The world’s eighth-most eco-friendly country, Austria ranks first in the world in the category of Ecosystem Vitality, making it the only country to score higher than Slovenia. Austria has some of the strictest standards in Europe in categories such as waste management, chemicals, and air pollution. Agricultural regulations are also stringent, specifically with regard to pesticides and fertilizers.

9. Switzerland — 65.9
Ninth-ranked Switzerland has high environmental health, sustainability, water sanitation, and water resources. Switzerland’s public sector is increasingly requiring eco-friendly and resource-friendly products. The country is one of the top recyclers in the world, and has strongly embraced renewable energy. For example, Switzerland's largest transportation company, SBB (Swiss Federal Railways), relies upon electric trains—and as of 2023, 90% of the trains' electricity was generated via hydropower plants.

10. Iceland — 62.9
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The final country in the 2023 top ten, Iceland ranks first in the world in terms of overall Environmental Health, an umbrella category made up of indicators such as Air Quality, PM2.5 (which measures particulate air pollution), Ozone, Sanitation, Drinking Water, Waste Management, Recycling, Lead, and more. Although Iceland's environmental performance has few weaknesses, the EPI report postulates that improved grazing management in the Agriculture sector could boost Iceland's score even higher.
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REGAN, BUSHES AND TRUMPET HAVE MADE US . . "ALL FOR US . . NONE FOR THE REST!"
. . JUST LOOK AT THE GRAPHS BELOW AND ABOVE! . . "ALL FOR THE RUTHLESS RICH!"
. . "NONE FOR . . THOSE IN NEED!" . . "ENJOY THE HELL OF ALL HELLS YOU CAUSED!
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Super Wealthy versus the Merely Rich
​February 7, 2022 10:00am by Barry Ritholtz
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Wealth and wage inequality touch on many of my favorite topics: Saving & Investing, Wealth & Wages, Real Estate & Consumer Spending, Behavioral Finance & Cognitive errors. People often make erroneous assumptions about the wealth and/or wage inequality data — they think it is bad, ​
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but it’s much worse than they assume (see chart at right). This is a mostly (but not exclusively) American issue; Europe for example has less income and wealth inequality than we do here.

​Most of all, it presents an opportunity to think about complex issues from vantage points that include financial, psychology, behavior, policy, even temporal. This is why I am always keen to check out any new analytical tool that gives us a fresh way to analyze the associated data.


The latest such tool comes from the economic trio of Thomas Blanchet, Emmanuel Saez, and Gabriel Zucman of the University of California Berkeley. They have introduced a very interesting new tool: Realtime Inequality. (H/T Paulie the K via Invictus; methodology here)

Let’s use this tool to do a little wage & wealth inequality analysis in real-time:

Confirming my priors, the Realtime Inequality data set and charts show just how lopsided wealth in America actually is; sure, the top 10% and top 1% have seen their wealth increase substantially over the past four decades, but it is almost modest compared to the top 0.1% and 0.01%. Those at the top of the pyramid have seen their fortunes disproportionately soar since the 1980s.
​

It’s generally well understood that the wealthier you are, the better you have done during the pandemic, since the GFC, or during the 1980s-90s bull market. But most people are not aware of exactly how lopsided those gains are. Consider the top 1% and various tiers in income: The top 1% has seen average income gains of $1.2m versus the top 10% adding $230k and the next 40% adding $33k. But those numbers are rounding errors compared to the income gains of the top 0.1% of $5.8m, and the top 0.01% of $28m.
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Income Tier Comparison including Top 0.1% and 0.01%
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It is even starker when we compare wealth (typically public stocks and bonds, real estate, alternative investments, and privately held businesses). The top 1% added $16m in wealth over this time period versus the top 10% adding $2.9m and the next 40% adding $240k. Again we see these numbers dwarfed by the wealth gained by the top 0.1% of $89m, and the top 0.01% of $500m.
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Half a billion in wealth gains on average for people in the top 0.01% is a surprising number:

Wealth Tier Comparison ​
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Wealth Tier Comparison including Top 0.1% and 0.01%
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​Compare the wealth gains among different economic tiers since 1981:

Bottom Half = $4.8k
Middle 40% = $240k
Top 10% = $2.9m
Top 1% = $16m
Top 0.1% = $89m
Top 0.01% = $500m


That is pretty astounding.

These are complex issues, and they can be emotional, politicized, and easy to misunderstand. But here is the bottom line: The difference between the top 1% or 10% and the bottom half of the country is relatively modest compared to this new category of super-wealthy. That has ramifications for all of society, whether people believe the nation is on the right track or not, and how policymakers might respond.

Source:
Realtime Inequality
Thomas Blanchet, Emmanuel Saez, Gabriel Zucman
Department of Economics | University of California, Berkeley
https://realtimeinequality.org/


Previously:
Wealth Distribution Analysis (July 18, 2019)

Composition of Wealth Differs: Middle Class to the Top 1% (June 5, 2019)
John D. Rockefeller Was Richer – Way Richer – Than You Are… (February 22, 2016)
Are the Poor Better Off Than King Louis XIV? January 16, 2015
Wealth Disparity Expands Further (November 13, 2019)
Wages in America (2013-2021)
Understanding Wealth Comparisons (2004-2020)
These Countries Care the Most About Human Rights

These are the top countries viewed as caring about human rights by global survey respondents. This quality factors into the overall U.S. News Best Countries rankings and Social Purpose subranking. For more information on the rankings, see our methodology.

Denmark
#1 in Cares about human rights

Sweden
#2 in Cares about human rights

Norway
#3 in Cares about human rights

Canada
#4 in Cares about human rights

Netherlands
#5 in Cares about human rights

Switzerland
#6 in Cares about human rights

Finland
#7 in Cares about human rights

New Zealand
#8 in Cares about human rights

2023 Global Peace Index

Overall GPI Score

A composite index measuring the peacefulness of countries made up of 23 quantitative and qualitative indicators each weighted on a scale of 1-5. The lower the score the more peaceful the country.


RANK  REGION          SCORE
1          Iceland               1.124
2         Denmark             1.31
3         Ireland                 1.312
4         New Zealand      1.313
5         Austria                
1.316


The 25 best countries for social progress

The latest Social Progress Index suggests that global living standards have improved for the 11th year running, but the results are a mixed bag depending on where you live. Here are the best countries for health, safety, education, rights and quality of environment.

That’s according to the latest Social Progress Index, which each year scrutinises life in 169 countries. The index is put together by the Social Progress Imperative, a US-based non-profit that promotes positive social change. Since 2011, its researchers have used key indicators, such as quality of healthcare, personal safety, access to education, access to technology, rights, and quality of environment, to measure progress. They then give annual scores for nations and the world as a whole.  

The latest findings suggest that social progress has marched onwards for the 11th consecutive year, albeit unevenly. Once again, Norway was declared the world’s most progressive country in 2022, with Denmark and Finland ranking second and third respectively. The UK and US both slipped down a place each to 19th and 25th respectively.

The UK was identified as one of only four countries where social progress has regressed since the index began. The others are Syria, Venezuela and Libya. 

“The UK has slipped into a social progress recession after a lost decade,” the report noted. “We see the impact of austerity measures and Brexit showing up in the data in every area from education, to healthcare, rights, and tolerance.”

The US was the lowest ranking nation in the G7, partly because of its poor safety score. The country was ranked 48th for personal safety, and 107th for interpersonal violence, behind the Republic of Congo, Nicaragua, and Sierra Leone.

  1. Norway 
  2. Denmark
  3. Finland
  4. Switzerland
  5. Iceland
  6. Sweden
  7. Netherlands
  8. Germany
  9. Japan
  10. Canada
  11. Austria
  12. Australia
  13. Ireland
  14. Luxembourg
  15. New Zealand
  16. Belgium
  17. South Korea
  18. Estonia
  19. UK
  20. France
  21. Spain
  22. Italy
  23. Czech Republic
  24. Portugal
  25. US​
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CEO pay has skyrocketed 1,460% since 1978

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CEOs were paid 399 times as much as a typical worker in 2021

​Report • By Josh Bivens and Jori Kandra • October 4, 2022


What this report finds: Corporate boards running America’s largest public firms are giving top executives outsize compensation packages that have grown much faster than the stock market and the pay of typical workers, college graduates, and even the top 0.1%. In 2021, we project that a CEO at one of the top 350 firms in the U.S. was paid $27.8 million on average (using a “realized” measure of CEO pay that counts stock awards when vested and stock options when cashed in and ownership is taken). This 11.1% increase from 2020 occurred because of rapid growth in vested stock awards. Using a different “granted” measure of CEO pay (which counts the value of stock awards and options when announced (or “granted” rather than realized), average top CEO compensation was $15.6 million in 2021, up 9.8% since 2020.

In 2021, the ratio of CEO-to-typical-worker compensation was 399-to-1 under the realized measure of CEO pay; that is up from 366-to-1 in 2020 and a big increase from 20-to-1 in 1965 and 59-to-1 in 1989. CEOs are even making a lot more than other very high earners (wage earners in the top 0.1%)—almost seven times as much. From 1978 to 2021, CEO pay based on realized compensation grew by 1,460%, far outstripping S&P stock market growth (1,063%) and top 0.1% earnings growth (which was 385% between 1978 and 2020, according to the latest data available). 

​In contrast, compensation of the typical worker grew by just 18.1% from 1978 to 2021.


ADAM SMITH . . FATHER OF CAPITALISM . . STATED . . "IF THE MASTERS OF THE UNIVERSE" . . THEN THE KINGS QUEENS AND MERCANTILISTS . . TODAY THE CEOS AND SUPER RICH . . STILL LIVE BY . . "THEIR VEIL MAXUM!" . . 

"ALL . . FOR US!" . . "NONE . . FOR THE REST!" . . "CAPITALISM HAS FAILED!"

"THE FINAL TESTAMENT"  PROVES . . "TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER CAPITALISM" 

 IS . . "PURE EVIL GREED!" . . "RIGHT-WING ANTI-CHRISTIANS ARE TRULY LOST!"

Why it matters: Exorbitant CEO pay is a contributor to rising inequality that we could restrain without doing any damage to the wider economy. CEOs are getting ever-higher pay over time because of their power to set pay and because so much of their pay (more than 80%) is stock-related. They are not getting higher pay because they are becoming more productive or more skilled than other workers, or because of a shortage of excellent CEO candidates. This escalation of CEO compensation and of executive compensation more generally has fueled the growth of top 1% and top 0.1% incomes, leaving fewer of the gains of economic growth for ordinary workers and widening the gap between very high earners and the bottom 90%. The economy would suffer no harm if CEOs were paid less (or were taxed more).

How we can solve the problem: We need to enact policy solutions that would both reduce incentives for CEOs to extract economic concessions and limit their ability to do so. Such policies could include reinstating higher marginal income tax rates at the very top; setting corporate tax rates higher for firms that have higher ratios of CEO-to-worker compensation; using antitrust enforcement and regulation to restrain the excessive market power of firms—and by extension of CEOs; and allowing greater use of “say on pay,” which allows a firm’s shareholders to vote on top executives’ compensation.

Introduction

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Chief executive officers (CEOs) of the largest firms in the U.S. earn far more today than they did in the mid-1990s and many times what they earned in the 1960s or 1970s. They also earn far more than the typical worker,1 and their pay—which relies heavily on stock-related compensation—has grown much more rapidly than a typical worker’s pay. Importantly, rising CEO pay does not reflect a rising value of skills but rather CEOs’ use of their power to set their own pay. In economic terms, this means that CEO compensation reflects substantial “rents” (income in excess of actual productivity). This is problematic since the growing earning power of CEOs has been driving income growth at the very top—a key dynamic in the overall growth of inequality. But it also means that CEO pay can be curtailed without damaging economywide growth.
​

Key findings
  • Growth of CEO compensation (1978–2021). Using the realized compensation measure, compensation of the top CEOs increased 1,460.2% from 1978 to 2021 (adjusting for inflation). Top CEO compensation grew roughly 37% faster than stock market growth during this period and far eclipsed the slow 18.1% growth in a typical worker’s annual compensation. CEO granted compensation rose 1,050.2% from 1978 to 2021.
  • Growth of CEO compensation during the pandemic (2019–2021). The dramatic increase in CEO compensation during the pandemic is remarkable. While millions lost jobs in the first year of the pandemic and suffered real wage declines due to inflation in the second year, CEOs’ realized compensation jumped 30.3% between 2019 and 2021. Typical worker compensation among those who remained employed rose 3.9% over the same time span.
  • Changes in the CEO-to-worker compensation ratio (1965–2021). Using the realized compensation measure, the CEO-to-worker compensation ratio reached 399-to-1 in 2021, a new high. Before the pandemic, its previous peak was the 372-to-1 ratio in 2000. Both of these numbers stand in stark contrast to the 20-to-1 ratio in 1965. Most importantly, over the last two decades the ratio has been far higher than at any point in the 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, or early 1990s. Using the CEO granted compensation measure, the CEO-to-worker compensation ratio rose to 236-to-1 in 2021, significantly lower than its peak of 393-to-1 in 2000 but still many times higher than the 44-to-1 ratio of 1989 or the 15-to-1 ratio of 1965.
  • Changes in the composition of CEO compensation. The composition of CEO compensation is shifting away from the use of stock options and toward the use of stock awards. Vested stock awards and exercised stock options averaged $21.9 million in 2021 and accounted for 80.1% of the average realized CEO compensation.
  • Changes in the CEO-to-top-0.1% compensation ratio. Over the last three decades, compensation grew far faster for CEOs than it did for other very highly paid workers (the top 0.1%, or those earning more than 99.9% of wage earners). CEO compensation in 2020 (the latest year for which data on top wage earners are available) was 6.88 times as high as wages of the top 0.1% of wage earners, a ratio 3.7 points greater than the 3.18-to-1 average CEO-to-top-0.1% ratio over the 1947–1979 period.
  • Implications of the growth of CEO-to-top-0.1% compensation ratio. The fact that CEO compensation has grown far faster than the pay of the top 0.1% of wage earners indicates that CEO compensation growth does not simply reflect a competitive race for skills (the “market for talent”) that also increases the value of highly paid professionals more generally. Rather, the growing pay differential between CEOs and top 0.1% earners suggests the growth of substantial economic rents (income not related to a corresponding growth of productivity) in CEO compensation. CEO compensation, it appears, does not reflect the greater productivity of executives but the specific power of CEOs to extract concessions—a power that stems from dysfunctional systems of corporate governance in the United States. Because so much of CEOs’ income constitutes economic rent, there would be no adverse impact on the economy’s output or on employment if CEOs earned less or were taxed more.
  • Growth of top 0.1% compensation (1978–2020). Even though CEO compensation grew much faster than the earnings of the top 0.1% of wage earners, that doesn’t mean the top 0.1% did not fare well. Quite the contrary. The inflation-adjusted annual earnings of the top 0.1% grew 385% from 1978 to 2020. CEO compensation, however, grew nearly four times as fast!
  • CEO pay growth compared with growth in the college wage premium. Over the last three decades, CEO compensation increased more relative to the pay of other very-high-wage earners than did the wages of college graduates relative to the wages of high school graduates. This finding indicates that the escalation of CEO pay does not simply reflect a more general rise in the returns to education.
5 Most Egalitarian Countries in the World

​Published on October 13, 2023 at 6:57 am by AFIFA MUSHTAQUE in News

This article will look at the 5 most egalitarian countries in the world. In another article, we discussed egalitarianism and how some companies try to help achieve that for many countries. If you want to read about that and a more extensive list, head straight to the 20 Most Egalitarian Countries in the World.


5. Switzerland  Average Rank: 6.5

Switzerland maintains a relatively stable income distribution, with the top 10% consistently earning about one-third of total national income before and after government redistribution. Switzerland’s strong economy and employment opportunities, coupled with its dual education and training system, help limit income disparities. The richest 10% of Swiss citizens pay approximately 51% of all income tax, while a progressive federal tax balances tax competition among cantons.


4. Finland Average Rank: 5.75

According to a study conducted by the Labour Institute for Economic Research, Finland has relatively small pay differences and low-income inequality compared to most European countries. In 2015, full-time wage and salary earners in the highest income decile in Finland were paid an average of 2.73 times more than those in the lowest income decile, considered a low figure internationally. The study also found that Finland’s share of low-paid workers was the fourth lowest in Europe at 11.6%. Factors contributing to Finland’s low-income inequality include a high union density, broad coverage of collective agreements, and coordinated wage and salary formation. It is one of the most egalitarian countries in the world. 

3. Denmark Average Rank: 5

Denmark has exceptional income equality and gender balance. Women actively participate in the workforce, which is further helped by parental leave and daycare support. They hold important political roles, with a history of female ministers. Men enjoy ample family time, sharing childcare responsibilities and housework. LGBTI+ rights are progressive, with same-sex marriage and acceptance. Denmark is renowned for transgender history and LGBTQ+ inclusivity, notably hosting the annual Pride Parade.

2. Sweden Average Rank: 4.5

Sweden has a reputation for being one of the most egalitarian countries in the world due to its strong commitment to social welfare, progressive taxation, and gender equality. The Swedish government provides extensive public services like healthcare and education to a relatively even distribution of benefits and opportunities. Furthermore, their progressive tax policies aim to reduce income inequality. Sweden’s focus on gender equality has led to women’s active participation in the labor force and in leadership roles. It is one of the most equal countries in the world. 

1. Norway Average Rank: 2

Norway is a global leader in gender equality and has, thus, both societal prosperity and financial growth. Women’s important participation in the workforce has contributed substantially to the country’s GDP, with a 10% boost attributed to increased female employment between 1973 and 2013. Government policies, like shared parental leave, help women’s career opportunities and increase fathers’ involvement in childcare. The legislation mandates that 40% of boards in public limited companies include women to gender balance in leadership roles. Norway is the most egalitarian country in the world.

10 Countries with the Highest Median Income, March 2021 (PPP, Current Int$): World Population Review

MEDIAN INCOME, TAKES "ALL PEOPLE" IN THE COUNTRY, AND RANKS THEM BY "TOTAL INCOME." EVEN IF THEY DON'T HAVE ANY INCOME. THE MEDIAN IS THE 50% PERSON. 

THE NEXT TABLE RANKS BY "WAGES," WHICH ONLY INCLUDES THOSE WITH WAGES, WHICH EXCLUDES THOSE WITH NO WAGES OR ONLY THOSE WITH SOCIAL SECURITY BASED INCOME PAYMENTS. WHAT A DIFFERENCE!


Luxembourg                                        $28,382
United Arab Emirates                        $26,324
United States                                      $24,327
Norway                                                 $23,835
Switzerland                                          $23,488
Austria                                                  $21,572
Netherlands                                         $21,480
Iceland                                                  $20,630
Denmark                                               $20,593

Canada                                                  $20,550

WORLD DATA.INFO

Difference between wage and income

​
The wage or salary is paid to a worker or employee for his work in an employment relationship. Self-employed persons, freelancers, pensioners or also social welfare recipients have neither wage nor salary, but nevertheless an income. Workers or employees can also have additional income to their wages or salary. This includes, for example, capital gains (e.g. securities or interest) or rentals.

Steve Jobs had an annual salary of only $1 for a long time. In addition, however, he had an income, namely the proceeds from rising stock prices. In many countries, interest is also paid on shareholders' deposits in corporations. These are also income, but not wages, because they do not arise from active work.

A person's income is therefore the sum of all money earned. The average income of a country is calculated from the gross national product and the number of inhabitants. Dividing all earnings and profits of all inhabitants (= gross national income) by the number of inhabitants gives the average income per person. This includes all wages and salaries, but also other income, e.g. from capital gains.

At first glance, that may sound somewhat inaccurate in a country comparison, as companies also generate an income. Regardless of size, the company is also owned by individuals. Therefore, the income of the owners increases to the same extent as the income of their companies.

Salary, on the other hand, is something quite different and can only be compared internationally in a few cases. It only includes those who also receive a salary (or wage) and ignores large parts of the money earned. Moreover, what is covered by this salary varies from country to country. In the major industrialized nations, social security contributions (e.g.: Pension, health care, accident and health insurance, unemployment insurance or even insolvency contributions) are parts of the salary. Sometimes the employer already pays part of it, and this part is no longer part of the gross salary. In other countries, there are no employer contributions at all, or even unemployment or pension insurance. Worldwide, around 4 billion people live without social security.

RANKED BY HIGHEST GROSS ANNUAL WAGE
Country/Region              Annual income              Gross annual wage
Switzerland                      $89,450                               $98,177 
Iceland                               $68,220                               $92,175 
Luxembourg                      $91,200                               $83,318
United States                     $76,370                               $74,738
Denmark                             $73,200                               $73,540 
Norway                                $95,510                               $72,697 
Australia                             $60,430                               $66,776
Ireland                                 $81,070                               $61,117
Netherlands                       $57,430                                $60,324 
Canada                                $52,960                               $59,156 
Belgium                               $48,700                               $57,299
Austria                                 $56,140                               $55,796
New Zealand                       $48,460                               $55,049
Israel                                     $54,650                               $54,882
United Kingdom                  $48,890                               $53,896 
Finland                                  $54,360                               $53,653 
Sweden                                 $62,990                               $53,501
Germany                               $53,390                               $51,710
France                                   $45,860                               $47,444 
Japan                                    $42,440                               $40,476 
South Korea                         $35,990                               $37,175 
Italy                                        $37,700                              $35,119 
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MEDIAN WEALTH IN DENMARK
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Nordic model

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the social and economic model in Northern Europe. For the political ideology often associated with the Nordic model, see Social democracy. For the type of prostitution law, see Nordic model approach to prostitution.

Part of a series on
Economic systems


The Nordic model comprises the economic and social policies as well as typical cultural practicescommon in the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden).[1] This includes a comprehensive welfare state and multi-level collective bargaining[2] based on the economic foundations of social corporatism,[3][4] and a commitment to private ownership within a market-based mixed economy[5]— with Norway being a partial exception due to a large number of state-owned enterprises and state ownership in publicly listed firms.[6]

Although there are significant differences among the Nordic countries,[7] they all have some common traits. The three Scandinavian countries are constitutional monarchies, while Finland and Iceland have been republics since the 20th century. All the Nordic countries are however described as being highly democratic and all have a unicameral legislature and use proportional representation in their electoral systems. They all support a universalist welfare state aimed specifically at enhancing individual autonomy and promoting social mobility, with a sizable percentage of the population employed by the public sector (roughly 30% of the work force in areas such as healthcare, education, and government),[8] and a corporatist system with a high percentage of the workforce unionized and involving a tripartite arrangement, where representatives of labour and employers negotiate wages and labour market policy is mediated by the government.[9] As of 2020, all of the Nordic countries rank highly on the inequality-adjusted HDI and the Global Peace Index as well as being ranked in the top 10 on the World Happiness Report.[10]

The Nordic model was originally developed in the 1930s under the leadership of social democrats,[11]although centrist and right-wing political parties, as well as labour unions, also contributed to the Nordic model's development.[12] The Nordic model began to gain attention after World War II[13] and has transformed in some ways over the last few decades, including increased deregulation and expanding privatization of public services.[14][11] However, it is still distinguished from other models by the strong emphasis on public services and social investment.[15]

Overview and aspects[edit]

Flags of the Nordic countries from left to right: Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and DenmarkThe Nordic model has been characterized as follows:[16]
  • An elaborate social safety net, in addition to public services such as free education and universal healthcare[16] in a largely tax-funded system.[17]
  • Strong property rights, contract enforcement and overall ease of doing business.[18]
  • Public pension plans.[16]
  • High levels of democracy as seen in the Freedom in the World survey and Democracy Index.[19][20]
  • Free trade combined with collective risk sharing (welfare social programmes and labour marketinstitutions) which has provided a form of protection against the risks associated with economic openness.[16]
  • Little product market regulation. Nordic countries rank very high in product market freedom according to OECD rankings.[16]
  • Low levels of corruption.[19][16] In Transparency International's 2022 Corruption Perceptions Index, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden were ranked among the top 10 least corrupt of the 180 countries evaluated.[21]
  • A partnership between employers, trade unions and the government, whereby these social partners negotiate the terms to regulating the workplace amongst themselves, rather than the terms being imposed by law.[22][23] Sweden has decentralised wage co-ordination while Finland is ranked the least flexible.[16] The changing economic conditions have given rise to fear among workers as well as resistance by trade unions in regards to reforms.[16]
  • High trade union density and collective bargaining coverage.[24] In 2019, trade union density was 90.7% in Iceland, 67.0% in Denmark, 65.2% in Sweden, 58.8% in Finland, and 50.4% in Norway; in comparison, trade union density was 16.3% in Germany and 9.9% in the United States.[25] Additionally, in 2018, collective bargaining coverage was 90% in Iceland, 88.8% in Finland (2017), 88% in Sweden, 82% in Denmark, and 69% in Norway; in comparison collective bargaining coverage was 54% in Germany and 11.7% in the United States.[26] The lower union density in Norway is mainly explained by the absence of a Ghent system since 1938. In contrast, Denmark, Finland and Sweden all have union-run unemployment funds.[27]
  • The Nordic countries received the highest ranking for protecting workers rights on the International Trade Union Confederation 2014 Global Rights Index, with Denmark being the only nation to receive a perfect score.[28]
  • Sweden at 56.6% of GDP, Denmark at 51.7%, and Finland at 48.6% reflect very high public spending.[29] Public expenditure for health and education is significantly higher in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden in comparison to the OECD average.[30]
  • Overall tax burdens as a percentage of GDP are high, with Denmark at 45.9% and both Finland and Sweden at 44.1%.[31] The Nordic countries have relatively flat tax rates, meaning that even those with medium and low incomes are taxed at relatively high levels.[32][33]
  • The United Nations World Happiness Reports show that the happiest nations are concentrated in Northern Europe. The Nordics ranked highest on the metrics of real GDP per capita, healthy life expectancy, having someone to count on, perceived freedom to make life choices, generosity and freedom from corruption.[34] The Nordic countries place in the top 10 of the World Happiness Report 2018, with Finland and Norway taking the top spots.[35]

Economic system[edit]The Nordic model is underpinned by a mixed-market capitalist economic system that features high degrees of private ownership,[36][37] with the exception of Norway which includes a large number of state-owned enterprises and state ownership in publicly listed firms.[6]

The Nordic model is described as a system of competitive capitalism combined with a large percentage of the population employed by the public sector, which amounts to roughly 30% of the work force, in areas such as healthcare and higher education. In Norway, Finland, and Sweden, many companies and/or industries are state-run or state-owned[38][39][40][41] like utilities, mail, rail transport, airlines, electrical power industry, fossil fuels, chemical industry, steel mill, electronics industry, machine industry, aerospace manufacturer, shipbuilding, and the arms industry.[42] 

In 2013, The Economist described its countries as "stout free-traders who resist the temptation to intervene even to protect iconic companies", while also looking for ways to temper capitalism's harsher effects and declared that the Nordic countries "are probably the best-governed in the world."[8][43] Some economists have referred to the Nordic economic model as a form of "cuddly capitalism", with low levels of inequality, generous welfare states, and reduced concentration of top incomes, contrasting it with the more "cut-throat capitalism" of the United States, which has high levels of inequality and a larger concentration of top incomes, among others social inequalities.[16][44][45]

As a result of the Sweden financial crisis of 1990–1994, Sweden implemented economic reforms that were focused on deregulation and the strengthening of competition laws. Despite this however, Sweden still has the highest government spending-to-GDP ratio of all the Nordic countries, it retains national-level sectoral bargaining unlike Denmark and Iceland, with over 650 national-level bargaining agreements,[46] it retains the Ghent systemunlike Norway and Iceland and consequently has the second-highest rate of unionization in the world.[47][48][49] Despite being one of the most equal OECD nations, from 1985 to the 2010s Sweden saw the largest growth in income inequality among OECD economies.[50][51] Other effects of the 1990s reforms was the substantial growth of mutual fund savings, which largely began with the government subsidizing mutual fund savings through the so-called Allemansfonder program in the 1980s;[52] today 4 out of 5 people aged 18–74 have fund savings.[53]

Norway's particularities[edit]The state of Norway has ownership stakes in many of the country's largest publicly listed companies, owning 37% of the Oslo stock market[54] and operating the country's largest non-listed companies, including Equinor and Statkraft. In January 2013, The Economist reported that "after the second world war the government nationalised all German business interests in Norway and ended up owning 44% of Norsk Hydro's shares. The formula of controlling business through shares rather than regulation seemed to work well, so the government used it wherever possible. 'We invented the Chinese way of doing things before the Chinese', says Torger Reve of the Norwegian Business School."[54] The government also operates a sovereign wealth fund, the Government Pension Fund of Norway, whose partial objective is to prepare Norway for a post-oil future but "unusually among oil-producing nations, it is also a big advocate of human rights—and a powerful one, thanks to its control of the Nobel peace prize."[55]

Norway is the only major economy in the West where younger generations are getting richer, with a 13% increase in disposable income for 2018, bucking the trend seen in other Western nations of Millennials becoming poorer than the generations which came before.[56]

Lutheran influence[edit]Some academics have theorized that Lutheranism, the dominant traditional religion of the Nordic countries, had an effect on the development of social democracy there. Schröder posits that Lutheranism promoted the idea of a nationwide community of believers and led to increased state involvement in economic and social life, allowing for nationwide welfare solidarity and economic co-ordination.[57][58][59] Esa Mangeloja says that the revival movements helped to pave the way for the modern Finnish welfare state. During that process, the church lost some of its most important social responsibilities (health care, education, and social work) as these tasks were assumed by the secular Finnish state.[60] Pauli Kettunen presents the Nordic model as the outcome of a sort of mythical "Lutheran peasant enlightenment", portraying the Nordic model as the result of a sort of "secularized Lutheranism";[59][61]however, mainstream academic discourse on the subject focuses on "historical specificity", with the centralized structure of the Lutheran church being but one aspect of the cultural values and state structures that led to the development of the welfare state in Scandinavia.[62]

Labour market policy[edit]The Nordic countries share active labour market policies as part of a social corporatist economic model intended to reduce conflict between labour and the interests of capital. This corporatist system is most extensive in Norway and Sweden, where employer federations and labour representatives bargain at the national level mediated by the government. Labour market interventions are aimed at providing job retraining and relocation.[63]

The Nordic labour market is flexible, with laws making it easy for employers to hire and shed workers or introduce labour-saving technology. To mitigate the negative effect on workers, the government labour market policies are designed to provide generous social welfare, job retraining and relocation services to limit any conflicts between capital and labour that might arise from this process.[64]

Nordic welfare model[edit]The Nordic welfare model refers to the welfare policies of the Nordic countries, which also tie into their labour market policies. The Nordic model of welfare is distinguished from other types of welfare states by its emphasis on maximising labour force participation, promoting gender equality, egalitarian, and extensive benefit levels, the large magnitude of income redistribution and liberal use of expansionary fiscal policy.[65]

While there are differences among the Nordic countries, they all share a broad commitment to social cohesion, a universal nature of welfare provision in order to safeguard individualism by providing protection for vulnerable individuals and groups in society, and maximising public participation in social decision-making. It is characterized by flexibility and openness to innovation in the provision of welfare. The Nordic welfare systems are mainly funded through taxation.[66]
​

Despite the common values, the Nordic countries take different approaches to the practical administration of the welfare state. Denmark features a high degree of private sector provision of public services and welfare, alongside an assimilation immigration policy. Iceland's welfare model is based on a "welfare-to-work" (see workfare) model while part of Finland's welfare state includes the voluntary sector playing a significant role in providing care for the elderly. Norway relies most extensively on public provision of welfare.[66]

Gender equality[edit]When it comes to gender equality, the Nordic countries hold one of the smallest gaps in gender employment inequality of all OECD countries,[67] with less than 8 points in all Nordic countries according to International Labour Organization standards.[68] They have been at the front of the implementation of policies that promote gender equality; the Scandinavian governments were some of the first to make it unlawful for companies to dismiss women on grounds of marriage or motherhood. Mothers in Nordic countries are more likely to be working mothers than in any other region and families enjoy pioneering legislation on parental leave policies that compensate parents for moving from work to home to care for their child, including fathers.[69]Although the specifics of gender equality policies in regards to the work place vary from country to country, there is a widespread focus in Nordic countries to highlight "continuous full-time employment" for both men and women as well as single parents as they fully recognize that some of the most salient gender gaps arise from parenthood. Aside from receiving incentives to take shareable parental leave, Nordic families benefit from subsidized early childhood education and care and activities for out-of-school hours for those children that have enrolled in full-time education.[67]

The Nordic countries have been at the forefront of championing gender equality and this has been historically shown by substantial increases in women's employment. Between 1965 and 1990, Sweden's employment rate for women in working-age (15–64) went from 52.8% to 81.0%.[68] In 2016, nearly three out of every four women in working-age in the Nordic countries were taking part in paid work. Nevertheless, women are still the main users of the shareable parental leave (fathers use less than 30% of their paid parental-leave-days), foreign women are being subjected to under-representation,[67]and Finland still holds a notable gender pay-gap; the average woman's salary is 83% of that of a man, not accounting for confounding factors such as career choice.[70]

Poverty reduction[edit]The Nordic model has been successful at significantly reducing poverty.[71] In 2011, poverty rates before taking into account the effects of taxes and transfers stood at 24.7% in Denmark, 31.9% in Finland, 21.6% in Iceland, 25.6% in Norway, and 26.5% in Sweden. After accounting for taxes and transfers, the poverty rates for the same year became 6%, 7.5%, 5.7%, 7.7% and 9.7% respectively, for an average reduction of 18.7 p.p.[72] Compared to the United States, which has a poverty level pre-tax of 28.3% and post-tax of 17.4% for a reduction of 10.9 p.p., the effects of tax and transfers on poverty in all the Nordic countries are substantially bigger.[72] In comparison to France (27 p.p. reduction) and Germany (24.2 p.p. reduction), the taxes and transfers in the Nordic countries are smaller on average.[72]

Social democracy[edit]

Vote percentage over time of the main social democratic parties in Denmark, Finland, Sweden, and Norway[73]

  Labour Party (Norway)
  Swedish Social Democratic Party
  Social Democrats (Denmark)

  Social Democratic Party of Finland
​

Social democrats have played a pivotal role in shaping the Nordic model, with policies enacted by social democrats being pivotal in fostering the social cohesion in the Nordic countries.[74] Among political scientists and sociologists, the term social democracy has become widespread to describe the Nordic model due to the influence of social democratic party governance in Sweden and Norway, in contrast to other classifications such as Christian democratic, liberal, Mediterranean, radical, and hybrid, based on consistency levels ("pure", "medium-high consistency" and "medium consistency").[75] According to sociologist Lane Kenworthy, the meaning of social democracy in this context refers to a variant of capitalism based on the predominance of private property and market allocation mechanisms alongside a set of policies for promoting economic security and opportunity within the framework of a capitalist economy as opposed to a political ideology that aims to replace capitalism.[76][77]

While countries such as Austria, Belgium, Canada, France, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom have been categorized as social democratic at least once, the Nordic countries have been the only ones to be constantly categorized as such. In a review by Emanuele Ferragina and Martin Seeleib-Kaiser of works about the different models of welfare states, apart from Belgium and the Netherlands, categorized as "medium-high socialism", the Scandinavian countries analyzed (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) were the only ones to be categorized by sociologist Gøsta Esping-Andersen as "high socialism", which is defined as socialist attributes and values (equality and universalism) and the social democratic model, which is characterized by "a high level of decommodification and a low degree of stratification. Social policies are perceived as 'politics against the market.'" They summarized the social democratic model as being based on "the principle of universalism, granting access to benefits and services based on citizenship. Such a welfare state is said to provide a relatively high degree of autonomy, limiting the reliance on family and market."[75]

As of the 1990s, the Nordic identity has been explained with cultural, not political factors; by the 2010s, politics has been re-entering the conversation on the Nordic identity. According to Johan Strang, cultural explanation benefits neoliberalism, during whose rise the cultural phenomenon coincided. Strang states that "[t]he Social Democratic model, which was still very much alive during the Cold War, has now been abandoned, and other explanations for Nordic success have been sought to replace it."[11]

History[edit]

The term 'peasant republic' is sometimes applied to certain communities in Scandinavia during the Viking Age and High Middle Ages, especially in Sweden, where royal power seems to have been initially somewhat weak,[78] and in areas of modern day Sweden that were not under the rule of the Swedish king yet, as well as in Iceland where the Icelandic Commonwealth serves as an example of an unusually large and sophisticated peasant republic building on the same democratic traditions.[79] Some historians have also argued that Gotland was a peasant republic before the attack by the Danes in 1361.[80] Central for the old Scandinavian democratic traditions was the assemblies called the Thing or Moot.

The Nordic model traces its foundation to the "grand compromise" between workers and employers spearheaded by farmer and worker parties in the 1930s. Following a long period of economic crisis and class struggle, the "grand compromise" served as the foundation for the post-World War II Nordic model of welfare and labour market organization. The key characteristics of the Nordic model were the centralized coordination of wage negotiation between employers and labour organizations, termed a social partnership, as well as providing a peaceful means to address class conflict between capital and labour.[4]

Magnus Bergli Rasmussen has challenged that farmers played an important role in ushering Nordic welfare states. A 2022 study by him found that farmers had strong incentives to resist welfare state expansion and farmer MPs consistently opposed generous welfare policies.[81]
Although often linked to social democratic governance, the Nordic model's parentage also stems from a mixture of mainly social democratic, centrist, and right-wing political parties, especially in Finland and Iceland, along with the social trust that emerged from the "great compromise" between capital and labour. The influence of each of these factors on each Nordic country varied as social democratic parties played a larger role in the formation of the Nordic model in Sweden and Norway, whereas in Iceland and Finland, right-wing political parties played a much more significant role in shaping their countries' social models. However, even in Iceland and Finland, strong labour unions contributed to the development of universal welfare.[12]

Social security and collective wage bargaining policies were rolled back following economic imbalances in the 1980s and the financial crises of the 1990s which led to more restrictive budgetary policies that were most pronounced in Sweden and Iceland. Nonetheless, welfare expenditure remained high in these countries, compared to the European average.[82]

Denmark[edit]

Social welfare reforms emerged from the Kanslergade Agreement of 1933 as part of a compromise package to save the Danish economy.[4] Denmark was the first Nordic country to join the European Union in the 1970s, reflecting the different political approaches to it among the Nordic countries.[11]

Finland[edit]

The early 1990s recession affected the Nordic countries and caused a deep crisis in Finland, and came amid the context of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and collapse of trade from the Eastern Bloc. Like in Sweden, Finland's universalistic welfare state based on the Nordic model was weakened and no longer based on the social-democratic middle ground, as several social welfare policies were often permanently dismantled; however, Finland was hit even harder than Sweden. During the crisis, Finland looked to the European Union, which they were more committed and open to joining than Sweden and especially Norway, while Denmark had already joined the EU by the 1970s. Finland is, to date, the only Nordic country to become a Eurozonemember state after fully adopting the euro as its official currency in 2002.[11][83]

Iceland[edit]

According to analyst Harpa Njálsdóttir, Iceland in the late 2010s moved away from the Nordic model towards the economic liberal model of workfare. She also noted that with the large changes having been made to the social security system, "70% of elderly people now live well below national subsistence criteria, while about 70% of those who live alone and in bad conditions are women."[84] Despite this, as of 2021, Iceland has the lowest poverty rate in the OECD of only 4.9 percent.[85]

Norway[edit]

Norway's "grand compromise" emerged as a response to the crisis of the early 1930s between the trade union confederation and Norwegian Employers' Association, agreeing on national standards in labour–capital relations and creating the foundation for social harmony throughout the period of compromises. For a period between the 1980s and the 1990s, Norway underwent more neoliberal reforms and marketization than Sweden during the same time frame, while still holding to the traditional foundations of the "social democratic compromise" that was specific to Western capitalism from 1945 to 1973.[86]

Norway was the Nordic country least willing to join the European Union. While Finland and Sweden suffered greatly from the 1990s recession, Norway began to earn enough revenue from their oil.[11] As of 2007, the Norwegian state maintained large ownership positions in key industrial sectors, among them petroleum, natural gas, minerals, lumber, seafood and fresh water. The petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of the country's gross domestic product.[87]

Sweden

In Sweden, the grand compromise was pushed forward by the Saltsjöbaden Agreement signed by employer and trade union associations at the seaside retreat of Saltsjöbaden in 1938. This agreement provided the foundation for Scandinavian industrial relations throughout Europe's Golden Age of Capitalism. The Swedish model of capitalism developed under the auspices of the Swedish Social Democratic Party which assumed power in 1932 and retained uninterrupted power until 1976. Initially differing very little from other industrialized capitalist countries, the state's role in providing comprehensive welfare and infrastructure expanded after the Second World War until reaching a broadly social democratic consensus in the 1950s which would become known as the social liberal paradigm,[4] which was followed by the neoliberal paradigm by the 1980s and 1990s.[88] According to Phillip O'Hara, "Sweden eventually became part of the Great Capitalist Restoration of the 1980s and 1990s. In all the industrial democracies and beyond, this recent era has seen the retrenchment of the welfare state by reduced social spending in real terms, tax cuts, deregulation and privatization, and a weakening of the influence of organized labor."[89]

In the 1950s, Olof Palme and the prime minister Tage Erlander formulated the basis of Swedish social democracy and what would become known as the "Swedish model", drawing inspiration from the reformist socialism of party founder Hjalmar Branting, who stated that socialism "would not be created by brutalized...slaves [but by] the best positioned workers, those who have gradually obtained a normal workday, protective legislation, minimum wages." Arguing against those to their left, the party favored moderatism and wanted to help workers in the here and now, and followed the Fabian argument that the policies were steps on the road to socialism, which would not come about through violent revolution but through the social corporative model of welfare capitalism,[90] to be seen as progressive in providing institutional legitimacy to the labour movement by recognizing the existence of the class conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat as a class compromise within the context of existing class conflict.[91] This Swedish model was characterized by a strong labour movement as well as inclusive publicly funded and often publicly administered welfare institutions.[4]

By the early 1980s, the Swedish model began to suffer from international imbalances, declining competitiveness and capital flight. Two polar opposite solutions emerged to restructure the Swedish economy, the first being a transition to socialism by socializing the ownership of industry and the second providing favorable conditions for the formation of private capital by embracing neoliberalism. The Swedish model was first challenged in 1976 by the Meidner Plan promoted by the Swedish Trade Union Confederation and trade unions which aimed at the gradual socialization of Swedish companies through wage earner funds. The Meidner Plan aimed to collectivize capital formation in two generations by having the wage earner funds own predominant stakes in Swedish corporations on behalf of workers. This proposal was supported by Palme and the Social Democratic party leadership, but it did not garner enough support upon Palme's assassination and was defeated by the conservatives in the 1991 Swedish general election.[92]

Upon returning to power in 1982, the Social Democratic party inherited a slowing economy resulting from the end of the post-war boom. The Social Democrats adopted monetarist and neoliberal policies, deregulating the banking industry, and liberalizing currency in the 1980s. The economic crisis of the 1990s saw greater austerity measures, deregulation, and the privatization of public services.[4] Into the 21st century, it greatly affected Sweden and its universalistic welfare state, although not as hard as Finland. Sweden remained more Eurosceptic than Finland, and its struggles affected all the other Nordic countries, as it was seen as "the guiding star of the north", and with Sweden fading away, other Nordic countries also felt like they were losing their political identities.[11] When the Nordic model was then gradually rediscovered, cultural explanations were sought for the special features of the Nordic countries.[11]

Reception

The Nordic model has been positively received by some American politicians and political commentators. Jerry Mander has likened the Nordic model to a kind of "hybrid" system which features a blend of capitalist economics with socialist values, representing an alternative to American-style capitalism.[93]Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders has pointed to Scandinavia and the Nordic model as something the United States can learn from, in particular with respect to the benefits and social protections the Nordic model affords workers and its provision of universal healthcare.[94][95][96] 

Scandinavian political scientist Daniel Schatz argued that Sanders is wrong, saying that "the success of Nordic countries like Sweden — as measured by relatively high living standards accompanied by low poverty, with government-funded education through university, universal health coverage, generous parental-leave policies and long life spans — precedes the contemporary welfare state.", adding that "Research has suggested that the Northern European success story has its roots in cultural rather than economic factors. The Scandinavian countries ... historically developed remarkably high levels of social trust, a robust work ethic and considerable social cohesion".[97]

According to Luciano Pellicani, the social and political measures adopted in countries like Sweden and Denmark are the same that some other European left-wing politicians theorised to combine justice and freedom, referring to liberal socialism and movements like Giustizia e Libertà and Fabian Society.[98]According to Naomi Klein, former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev sought to move the Soviet Union in a similar direction to the Nordic system, combining free markets with a social safety net, but still retaining public ownership of key sectors of the economy—ingredients that he believed would transform the Soviet Union into "a socialist beacon for all mankind."[99][100]

The Nordic model has also been positively received by various social scientists and economists. American professor of sociology and political science Lane Kenworthy advocates for the United States to make a gradual transition toward a social democracy similar to those of the Nordic countries, defining social democracy as such: "The idea behind social democracy was to make capitalism better. There is disagreement about how exactly to do that, and others might think the proposals in my book aren't true social democracy. But I think of it as a commitment to use government to make life better for people in a capitalist economy. To a large extent, that consists of using public insurance programs—government transfers and services."[101]

Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz says that there is higher social mobility in the Scandinavian countries than in the United States and posits that Scandinavia is now the land of opportunity that the United States once was.[102] American author Ann Jones, who lived in Norway for four years, posits that "the Nordic countries give their populations freedom from the market by using capitalism as a tool to benefit everyone" whereas in the United States "neoliberal politics puts the foxes in charge of the henhouse, and capitalists have used the wealth generated by their enterprises (as well as financial and political manipulations) to capture the state and pluck the chickens."[103]

Economist Jeffrey Sachs is a proponent of the Nordic model, having pointed out that the Nordic model is "the proof that modern capitalism can be combined with decency, fairness, trust, honesty, and environmental sustainability."[104] The Nordic combination of extensive public provision of welfareand a culture of individualism has been described by Lars Trägårdh of Ersta Sköndal University College as "statist individualism."[55] A 2016 survey by the think tank Israel Democracy Institute found that nearly 60 percent of Israeli Jews preferred a "Scandinavian model" economy, with high taxes and a robust welfare state.[105]

Criticism

Socialist economists Pranab Bardhan and John Roemer criticize Nordic-style social democracy for its questionable effectiveness in promoting relative egalitarianism as well as its sustainability. They posit that Nordic social democracy requires a strong labour movement to sustain the heavy redistribution required, arguing that it is idealistic to think similar levels of redistribution can be accomplished in countries with weaker labour movements. They say that even in the Scandinavian countries social democracy has been in decline since the weakening of the labour movement in the early 1990s, arguing that the sustainability of social democracy is limited. Roemer and Bardham posit that establishing a market-based socialist economy by changing enterprise ownership would be more effective than social democratic redistribution at promoting egalitarian outcomes, particularly in countries with weak labour movements.[106]

Historian Guðmundur Jónsson said that it would be historically inaccurate to include Iceland in one aspect of the Nordic model, that of consensus democracy. Addressing the time period from 1950 to 2000, Jónsson writes that "Icelandic democracy is better described as more adversarial than consensual in style and practice. The labour market was rife with conflict and strikes more frequent than in Europe, resulting in strained government–trade union relationship. Secondly, Iceland did not share the Nordic tradition of power-sharing or corporatism as regards labour market policies or macro-economic policy management, primarily because of the weakness of Social Democrats and the Left in general. Thirdly, the legislative process did not show a strong tendency towards consensus-building between government and opposition with regard to government seeking consultation or support for key legislation. Fourthly, the political style in legislative procedures and public debate in general tended to be adversarial rather than consensual in nature."[107]

In a 2017 study, economists James Heckman and Rasmus Landersøn compared American and Danish social mobility, and found that social mobility is not as high as figures might suggest in the Nordic countries, although they did find that Denmark ranks higher in income mobility. When looking exclusively at wages (before taxes and transfers), Danish and American social mobility are very similar; it is only after taxes and transfers are taken into account that Danish social mobility improves, indicating that Danish economic redistribution policies are the key drivers of greater mobility. Additionally, Denmark's greater investment in public education did not improve educational mobility significantly, meaning children of non-college educated parents are still unlikely to receive college education, although this public investment did result in improved cognitive skills amongst poor Danish children compared to their American peers. There was evidence that generous welfare policies could discourage the pursuit of higher-level education due to decreasing the economic benefits that college education level jobs offer and increasing welfare for workers of a lower education level.[108]

Some welfare and gender researchers based in the Nordic countries suggest that these states have often been over-privileged when different European societies are being assessed in terms of how far they have achieved gender equality. They posit that such assessments often utilise international comparisons adopting conventional economic, political, educational, and well-being measures.[109] By contrast, they suggest that if one takes a broader perspective on well-being incorporating, such as social issues associated with bodily integrity or bodily citizenship,[110] then some major forms of men's domination still stubbornly persist in the Nordic countries, e.g. business, violence to women, sexual violence to children, the military, academia, and religion.[111][112][113]

While praising the Nordic model as a "clear and compelling contrast to the neoliberal ideology that has strafed the rest of the world with inequality, ill-health and needless poverty," economic anthropologist Jason Hickel sharply criticizes the "ecological disaster" that accompanies it, noting that data shows the Nordic countries "have some of the highest levels of resource use and CO2 emissions in the world, in consumption based terms, drastically overshooting safe planetary boundaries," and rank towards the bottom of the Sustainable Development Index.

He argues that the model needs to be updated for the Anthropocene, and reduce overconsumption while retaining the positive elements of progressive social democracy including universal healthcare and education, paid vacations and reasonable working hours, which have resulted in much better health outcomes and poverty reduction compared to overtly neoliberal countries like the United States, in order to "stand as a beacon for the rest of the world in the 21st century."[114][115]

Swedish economist John Gustavsson, writing for American conservative magazine The Dispatch, criticized the Nordic model for its high taxation rates, including on the middle class and poor people.[116]

Political scientist Michael Cottakis has noted the rise of right-wing populist and anti-immigration sentiment in the Nordic countries, arguing that these countries, in particular Sweden, have failed to handle immigration effectively.[117]

Misconceptions

George Lakey, author of Viking Economics, says that Americans generally misunderstand the nature of the Nordic model, commenting: "Americans imagine that "welfare state" means the U.S. welfare system on steroids. Actually, the Nordics scrapped their American-style welfare system at least 60 years ago, and substituted universal services, which means everyone—rich and poor—gets free higher education, free medical services, free eldercare, etc."[118]

In a speech at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, Lars Løkke Rasmussen, the centre-right Danish prime minister from the conservative-liberal Venstre party, addressed the American misconception that the Nordic model is a form of socialism, which is conflated with any form of planned economy, stating: "I know that some people in the US associate the Nordic model with some sort of socialism. Therefore, I would like to make one thing clear. Denmark is far from a socialist planned economy. Denmark is a market economy."[119]
See also[edit]

​References
  1. ^ Simon, Carsta (20 December 2017). "Why Norwegians Don't Have Their Pigs in the Forest: Enlightening the Nordic Art of 'Co-operation'". Behavior and Social Issues. 26: 172. doi:10.5210/bsi.v26i0.7317. ISSN 1064-9506.
  2. ^ Kjellberg, Anders (2019). "Sweden: Collective Bargaining Under the Industry Norm" Archived 25 July 2019 at the Wayback Machine. In Müller, Torsten; Vandaele, Kurt; Waddington, Jeremy, eds. (2019). Collective Bargaining in Europe: Towards an Endgame. Brussels: European Trade Union Institute. III. pp. 583–604. ISBN 978-2-87452-514-8.
  3. ^ Rosser, J. Barkley; Rosser, Marina V. (2003). Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-262-18234-8.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Simon Reid, Henry (2015). The Political Origins of Inequality: Why a More Equal World Is Better for Us All. University of Chicago Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-0226236797. The dynamics were slightly different in each country. The social welfare reforms that emerged out of the Kanslergae Agreement in Denmark in 1933 came at the height of the interwar economic crisis and was part of a wider compromise package to save the Danish economy. It was a coincidence, but a telling one, that on the same day that the agreement was ratified, Hitler was appointed chanceller of the Reich in Berlin, convinced that he had a better way of saving the economy. In Sweden, the politics of grand compromise were pushed forward with the so-called Basic Agreement – essentially a commitment to the spirit of give-and-take in labour disputes – signed by the employer and labour union associations at the unprepossessing seaside retreat of Saltsjobaden in 1938 ... But in truth the Agreement was the foundation for the relative industrial harmony that would mark Scandinavian industrial relations throughout Europe's Golden Age. In Norway, the empowerment of women as well as workers was key. Women workers marched in 1905 and achieved limited suffrage in 1907, with full suffrage coming in 1913, some five years before it came to Sweden.
  5. ^ Sandbu, Martin (28 August 2018). "What the Nordic mixed economy can teach today's new left". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 24 October 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b "Norway: The rich cousin". The Economist. 2 February 2013. Archived from the original on 15 March 2018. Retrieved 27 October2014.
  7. ^ Lane, Kenworthy (2013). Social Democratic America. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 138. ISBN 9780199322527. Archived from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b "The Nordic countries: The next supermodel". The Economist. 2 February 2013. Archived from the original on 17 June 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
  9. ^ Hicks, Alexander (20 January 2000). Social Democracy and Welfare Capitalism: A Century of Income Security Politics. Cornell University Press. p. 130. ISBN 978-0801485565. By the late 1950s, labor had been incorporated alongside Swedish business in fully elaborated corporatist institutions of collective bargaining and policy making, public as well as private, supply-side (as for labour training) as well as demand side (e.g., Keynesian). During the 1950s and 1960s, similar neocorpratist institutions developed in Denmark and Norway, in Austria and the Netherlands, and somewhat later, in Belgium and Finland.
  10. ^ Helliwell, John; et al. (20 March 2020). "World Happiness Report 2020". United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network. Archived from the original on 6 December 2020. Retrieved 3 December2020.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Liukas, Christa (1 November 2019). "The Nordic brand replaced the welfare state – did politics disappear from the Nordic model?". University of Helsinki. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  12. Dolvik, Jon Erick; Flotten, Tone; Hippe, Jon M.; Jordfald, Bard (2015). The Nordic Model towards 2030: A New Chapter? NordMod2030. p. 23. ISBN 978-82-324-0185-7. The Nordic model therefore cannot exclusively be tied to social democratic party support and political dominance. In Sweden, Denmark and Norway, where the social democrats held power for large periods from the 1930s onwards, that description fits better than it does for Finland and Iceland, where centrist and right-leaning parties have set the terms of debate. But in these countries, too, the building of strong labour unions – in line with Walter Korpi's power resource mobilization thesis (Korpi 1981) – was crucial to the central role of labour and employer organizations in developing universal welfare schemes. A variety of modern social security programmes, whether sickness benefits or pensions, first appeared in negotiated collective agreements. It is moreover likely that inspirational ideas and learning experiences that passed between Nordic countries also transcended party lines within these countries.The political underpinnings of the Nordic model have thus been built on broadbased power mobilization and a higher degree of balance between the core interests in society than is evident in most other countries.
  • ^ Petersen, Klaus (March 2009). "Constructing Nordic Welfare? Nordic Social Political Cooperation" (PDF). In Christiansen, Niels Finn; Edling, Nils; Haave, Per; Petersen, Klaus (eds.). The Nordic Model of Welfare: A Historical Reappraisal. Copenaghen: Museum Tusculanum Press. pp. 67–96. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 3 October 2020 – via Helsinki University.
  • ^ Kautto, Mikko; Kuitto, Kati (2021). Béland, Daniel; Leibfried, Stephan; Morgan, Kimberly J.; Obinger, Herbert (eds.). The Nordic Countries. Oxford University Press. pp. 802–825. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.46. ISBN 978-0-19-882838-9. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2021. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
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  • ^ Kjellberg, Anders (4 April 2006). "The Swedish unemployment insurance – will the Ghent system survive?" (pdf). Transfer European Review of Labour and Research; Quarterly Review of the Etui Research Department. Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research. 12: 87–98. doi:10.1177/102425890601200109. ISSN 1024-2589. S2CID 153819218. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016 – via Lund University.
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  • ^ Jump up to: a b "The secret of their success". The Economist. 2 February 2013. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 21 December2019.
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  • ^ McWhinney, James E. (25 June 2013). "The Nordic Model: Pros and Cons". Investopedia. Archived from the original on 9 February 2019. Retrieved 16 September 2015. The model is underpinned by a capitalist economy that encourages creative destruction. While the laws make it is easy for companies to shed workers and implement transformative business models, employees are supported by generous social welfare programs.
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  • ^ O'Hara, Phillip (1999). Encyclopedia of Political Economy: L–Z. Routledge. p. 1248. ISBN 978-0415154260. The critical issues were perhaps revealed most clearly in the Swedish case. Among the most advanced of the social welfare states, Sweden in the early 1980s faced a pivotal choice between capitalism and the transition to socialism. In the discourse focused upon its nagging problems of international imbalances, declining competitiveness, and capital flight, two polar solutions emerged. Olaf Palme supported an aggressive use of workers' funds, by which capital formation would have been largely collectivized in two generations. The funds would have come to own predominant stakes in Swedish corporations on behalf of workers. The other alternative was to retrench the welfare state and provide conditions favorable to private capitals formation. Palme's proposal appears never to have garnered widespread support and was left with no champion in the wake of his assassination.
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  • ^ Sanders, Bernie (26 May 2013). "What Can We Learn From Denmark?". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  • ^ Issenberg, Sasha (9 January 2010). "Sanders a growing force on the far, far left". Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 4 April 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014. You go to Scandinavia, and you will find that people have a much higher standard of living, in terms of education, health care, and decent paying jobs.
  • ^ Aleem, Zeeshan (4 May 2015). "Bernie Sanders Says the U.S. Could Learn a Lot From Scandinavia. Here's Why He's Right". Mic. Archivedfrom the original on 5 May 2015. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  • ^ Schatz, Daniel (15 March 2020). "I'm a Scandinavian political scientist. Bernie's wrong about democratic socialism". NBC News. Archivedfrom the original on 7 July 2023. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
  • ^ Petti, Edoardo (1 December 2014). "Le critiche di D'Alema alla Terza Via? Frutto della presunzione storica del Pci. Parla Pellicani". Formiche.net (in Italian). Archived from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  • ^ Klein, Naomi (2008). The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism. Picador. p. 276. ISBN 978-0312427993. Archived from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
  • ^ Whyman, Philip; Baimbridge, Mark; Mullen, Andrew (2012). The Political Economy of the European Social Model (Routledge Studies in the European Economy. Routledge. p. 108. ISBN 978-0415476294. Archived from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 28 February2020. In short, Gorbachev aimed to lead the Soviet Union towards the Scandinavian social democratic model.
  • ^ Matthews, Dylan (9 January 2014). "This sociologist has a plan to make America more like Sweden". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 14 January 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  • ^ "'Scandinavian Dream' is true fix for America's income inequality". CNN Money. 3 June 2015. Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  • ^ "After I Lived in Norway, America Felt Backward. Here's Why". The Nation. 28 January 2016. Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  • ^ "Prof Jeffrey Sachs' plea to the Nordic countries". Global Health Minders. 18 November 2015. Archived from the original on 1 September 2019. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  • ^ Sales, Ben (23 May 2016). "Survey: Israeli Jews Want Broader Welfare State, Israeli Arabs Prefer 'American Model'". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  • ^ Bardhan, Pranab; Roemer, Johen E. (1992). "Market socialism, a case for rejuvenation". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 6 (3): 104. doi:10.1257/jep.6.3.101. [W]e believe that social democracy requires rather special political circumstances that are absent in many countries for which our market socialism proposal may be feasible. Since it (social democracy) permits a powerful capitalist class to exist (90 percent of productive assets are privately owned in Sweden), only a strong and unified labor movement can win the redistribution through taxes that is characteristic of social democracy. It is idealistic to believe that tax concessions of this magnitude can be effected simply through electoral democracy without an organized labor movement, when capitalists organize and finance influential political parties. Even in the Scandinavian countries, strong apex labor organizations have been difficult to sustain and social democracy is somewhat on the decline now.
  • ^ Jónsson, Guðmundur (8 August 2014). "Iceland and the Nordic Model of Consensus Democracy". Scandinavian Journal of History. 39 (4): 510–528. doi:10.1080/03468755.2014.935473. ISSN 0346-8755. S2CID 143545092.
  • ^ Heckman, James; Landersøn, Rasmus (2017). "The Scandinavian Fantasy: The Sources of Intergenerational Mobility in Denmark and the US" (PDF). Scandinavian Journal of Economics. 119 (1): 178–230. doi:10.1111/sjoe.12219. PMC 5476927. PMID 28649168. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 July 2017. Retrieved 7 June2017.
  • ^ "Mind the 100 Year Gap: 2020". World Economic Forum. 2019. Archived from the original on 13 February 2021. Retrieved 19 January2021.
  • ^ Pringle, Keith (2016). "Doing (Oppressive) Gender via Men's Relations with Children". In Häyrén, Anneli; Wahlström Henriksson, Helena (eds.). Critical Perspectives on Masculinities and Relationalities: In Relation to What?. New York: Springer. pp. 23–34. ISBN 9783319290119.
  • ^ Hearn, Jeff; Pringle, Keith (2006). European Perspectives on Men and Masculinities: National and Transnational Approaches. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230594470.
  • ^ Pringle, Keith (2011). "Comparative Studies of Well-Being in Terms of Gender, Ethnicity and the Concept of Bodily Citizenship: Turning Esping-Andersen on His Head?". In Golańska, Dorota; Hearn, Jeff; Olesky, Elżbieta H. (eds.). The Limits of Gendered Citizenship: Contexts and Complexities. London: Routledge. pp. 137–156. ISBN 9780415851268.
  • ^ Balkamar, Dag; Hearn, Jeff; Pringle, Keith (2018). "Men, Masculinities and Social Policy". In Shaver, Sheila (ed.). Handbook of Gender and Social Policy. Oxford: Edward Elgar. pp. 55–73. ISBN 9781785367120.
  • ^ Hickel, Jason (6 December 2019). "The dark side of the Nordic model". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 29 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  • ^ Sullivan, Dylan; Hickel, Jason (2023). "Capitalism and extreme poverty: A global analysis of real wages, human height, and mortality since the long 16th century". World Development. 161: 106026. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106026. S2CID 252315733. ...amongst the developed capitalist countries, the social democracies with generous welfare states (i.e., Scandinavia) have superior health outcomes to neo-liberal states like the US. Poverty alleviation and gains in human health have historically been linked to socialist political movements and public action, not to capitalism.
  • ^ Gustavsson, John (12 October 2021). "Why the Nordic Model Wouldn't Work in the U.S." The Dispatch. Archived from the original on 18 June 2023. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
  • ^ "What is wrong with the Nordic model?". EUROPP. 21 September 2018. Archived from the original on 18 June 2023. Retrieved 18 June2023.
  • ^ "The "Continuing Revelation" of Scandinavian Economies". America. 22 July 2016. Archived from the original on 1 September 2019. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  • ^ "Denmark's prime minister says Bernie Sanders is wrong to call his country socialist". Vox. 31 October 2015. Archived from the original on 4 February 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2019.

Further reading[edit]
  • Alestalo, Matti; Hort, Sven E. O.; Kuhnle, Stein (June 2009). "The Nordic Model: Conditions, Origins, Outcomes, Lessons". Working Papers. Hertie School of Governance (41). 55860282.
  • Blyth, Mark (2001). "The Transformation of the Swedish Model: Economic Ideas, Distributional Conflict, and Institutional Change". World Politics. 54 (1): 1–26. doi:10.1353/wp.2001.0020. S2CID 154911616.
  • Booth, Michael (2015). The Almost Nearly Perfect People: Behind the Myth of the Scandinavian Utopia. London: Vintage Books. ISBN 9780099546078.
  • Brandal, Nikolai; Bratberg, Øivind; Thorsen, Dag Einar (2013). The Nordic Model of Social Democracy. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137013262.
  • Bucken-Knapp, Gregg (2009). Defending the Swedish Model: Social Democrats, Trade Unions, and Labor Migration Policy Reform. Lanham: Lexington Books. ISBN 9780739138182.
  • Christiansen, Niels Finn; et al. (2006). The Nordic Model of Welfare: A Historical Reappraisal. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. ISBN 9788763503419.
  • Hilson, Mary (2008). The Nordic Model: Scandinavia Since 1945. London: Reaktion. ISBN 9781861893666.
  • Igbal, Razi; Todi, Padma (December 2015). "The Nordic Model: Existence, Emergence and Sustainability". Procedia Economics and Finance. 30: 336–351. doi:10.1016/S2212-5671(15)01301-5.
  • Kenworthy, Lane (2014). Social Democratic America. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199322510.
  • Kettunen, Pauli; Lundberg, Urban; Österberg, Mirja; Petersen, Klaus (2015). "The Nordic Model and the Rise and Fall of Nordic Cooperation". In Strang, Joahan (ed.). Nordic Cooperation: A European Region in Transition(illustrated ed.). London: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315755366-4. ISBN 9781317626954.
  • Kjellberg, Anders (2022) The Nordic Model of Industrial RelationsArchived 24 March 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Lund: Department of Sociology.
  • Kjellberg, Anders (2023) The Nordic Model of Industrial Relations: comparing Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Department of Sociology, Lund University and Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies, Cologne.
  • Kvist, Jon (2012). Changing Social Equality: The Nordic Welfare Model in the 21st Century. Bristol: Policy Press. ISBN 9781847426604.
  • Lakey, George (2016). Viking Economics: How the Scandinavians Got It Right-and How We Can, Too. Brooklyn: Melville House. ISBN 9781612195360.
  • Livingston, Michael A. (2021). Dreamworld or Dystopia? The Nordic Model and Its Influence in the 21st Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mjoset, Lars (Summer 1987). "Nordic Economic Policies in the 1970s and 1980s". International Organization. Cambridge: The MIT Press. 41 (3): 403–456. doi:10.1017/S0020818300027533. hdl:10852/15263. JSTOR 2706751. S2CID 54187082.
  • Partanen, Anu (2017). The Nordic Theory of Everything: In Search of a Better Life. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 9780062316554.
  • Sandberg, Åke, ed. (2013). Nordic Lights: Work, Management and Welfare in Scandinavia. Stockholm: SNS Förlag. ISBN 9789186949372.
  • Mobekk, Hilde; Simon, Carsta (2019). "Dugnad: A Fact and a Narrative of Norwegian Prosocial Behavior". Perspectives on Behavior Science. 42 (4): 815–834. doi:10.1007/s40614-019-00227-w. PMC 6901638. PMID 31976461.

​External links[edit]
  • "The Nordic Way". Archived 4 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Davos: World Economic Forum. January 2011. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  • Thorsen, Dag Einar; Brandal, Nik; Bratberg, Øivind (8 April 2013). Utopia sustained: "The Nordic model of social democracy". Fabian Society. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  • "The secret of their success". The Economist. 2 February 2013. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  • Sanders, Bernie (26 July 2013). "What Can We Learn From Denmark?". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  • Isaacs, Julia (25 September 2013). "What Is Scandinavia Doing Right?". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  • Stahl, Rune Møller Stahl; Mulvad, Andreas Møller (4 August 2015). "What Makes Scandinavia Different?". Jacobin. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  • "The Nordic Model: Local Government, Global Competitiveness in Denmark, Finland and Sweden". KommuneKredit. August 2017. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  • Goodman, Peter S. (11 July 2019). "The Nordic Model May Be the Best Cushion Against Capitalism. Can It Survive Immigration?". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  • "Om Norden" (in Swedish). Föreningen Norden. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  • "The Nordic Model". Nordics. Aarhus University. Retrieved 3 October 2020.​
1 Comment
fire damage public adjusters link
1/28/2025 05:16:54 am

This post offers a strong perspective on the contrasts between humanism and fascism, highlighting crucial issues like investments in infrastructure and renewables. It's a thought-provoking call for attention to the unequal distribution of resources and power.

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    "THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT"  JUST CHRIST'S WORDS RELATING TO SALVATION & TO "BECOME ONE WITH JESUS!" CUSTOMIZED BY YOU IN "MY FINAL TESTAMENT TO THE GOD OF LOVE!"

    SUPPORT PROGRESSIVE POLITICIANS! LIVING "JESUS' WAY!" "THE DANISH NORDIC WAY!"
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    GOD'S SITE addresses:
    becomeonewithjesus.c
    ​danishchrist.com
    itistheend.com 

    ​GOD'S/MY WRITING MOSTLY IN CAPS. 


    Jazzie's Biggest Challenges: Being Trans having people not see me as Jim, "The Toad with the tally wacker!" 

    ​But as 20 year old, in spirit, "Jazzie Danish Girl!" "JC's, Sarayu's, Mama's and Father's Beautiful Trans Lesbian Daughter! Soon NOT to be Trans! Cis Gendered "Jazzie Danish Girl!" OMG! NOW! PLEASE!

    ​Being Trans is horrific! Being Lesbian is wonderful! Love Being "Jazzie Danish Girl!" Love girly girly girly girl loving girly girly girl!

    Channeling "The Final New Testament!" and "My Final Testament to The God of Love!" "The Way!" "Jesus' Way!" "The Danish Best of the Best Nordic  Venus Project Way!" Is challenging, but nothing like being trans! Truly Horrific! Now Evil Treatment By The Satan's Mafia Anti-Christians. Lost souls!

    Dr. Christine McGinn, top gun pilot, top trans surgeon, amazing spirit! My Trans Hero! Said being her true self was the hardest thing she ever did! On Trans The Movie! I agree! Love U

    Dr. McGinn stated that there has never been one documented case of "therapy" changing a person from their gender identity in their brains, to their physical gender identity. When I read this around 2000, I stopped my life long effort to try to change my brain, using hypnosis therapy and focused on being "Jazzie." 

    ​I So Love Being "Jazzie!" Living In God's Love! Passionately loving with God's love, smart, fun, intimate, hyper feminine, animal loving, sporty, sexy, cute, tender, loving daughter! "Jazzie Danish Girl!" "JC's Girl!"

    In my dreams, when Tori introduced "her little sister" "Jazzie Danish Girl" to Andre, her new husband. Andre said "So The Toad is your little sister?" Tori said, she is not a toad. She's the unofficial head of my Heavenly Fan Club! The only thing that she wants more than "to be me!" Is "to love me!" Jazzie passionately loves Tori!

    And Andre said, did you see "the little tally wacker?" Tori said, She is "Jazzie," my beautiful little sister in God's Love!

    The Good Lord said, when Jazzie said, "Papa is there another Tori?" As Tori is now married. Three weeks after Jazzie tried to find another Tori! No, there is No One Like The Tori You Love So Deeply & Passionately!

    She is Exactly The Woman You Dream of Becoming. Your Mentor! Your Big Sister! Your BFF! Tori is The Passion of Your Intimacy. Above all, you two are amongst the "Closest to Me!"

    ​However I never said 3 was not possible! I said, 3, like Tori Andre & Jazzie 3? He said, only if they find fulfillment in God's love with you. See the story of "God's Christmas Heart of Loves!" Below.

    Since then, it has been Tori Andre & Jazzie, all ways and always! 3 Became One! Possibly 3 Girls & Their Boy, if Jazzie finds love! Love U

    All this, and you 3 have never met each other. The amazing dreams in heaven many.times and here around the globe. I never remember having dreams that make any logical sense, except those In heaven! Loving each other in "God's Spiritual dimension." "One Love God's Love!"

    Doing 'The Final New Testament of The Lord God!" The Final Task to Prepare for The Second Coming and The Final Judgement by 2027! As John the Baptist's Very Close Spiritual Sister!

    ​Preparing "The Way" for "The Second Coming!" Pray for 2025! By 2027!

    Love God / Good Passionately! Love all others with God's Love! Take care of "those In need!" NOT your evil greed for money!

    Passionately Live "The Way!" "Jesus' Way!" "The Danish Best of the Best Nordic Venus Project Way!"

    ​From God, through Me! To You! Love Jazzie


    70 CAMBRIAN WAY, BURLINGTON, VT 05401
    [email protected] 530.314.1057 Love Burlington! Love God!
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    "LIVING GIVING NETWORKS!" "JESUS' WAY!" TO MANAGE BUSINESSES! FULFILLING GOD'S SOULS BASIC NEEDS, THEN HIGHER ORDER NEEDS FOR FULFILLMENT, AND ULTIMATELY,  TO "BECOME ONE WITH JESUS!" ​

    "THE METHANE TIME BOMB" EXPLODING TEMPS! DENMARK BEST 4 NEW/ALL BUSINESSES! US EVIL INIQUITY! 5TH BIG US PROBLEM PRIVATE EQUITY PARTNERS, HEDGE FUND MGRS $ CEOS DICTATORS $ THIEVES! IMPLEMENTING SATAN'S VIEL MAXUM ALL 4 CEOS $ BILLIONAIRES! NONE 4 REST!
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    "DAMN TRANS PEOPLE!"
    ​"GOD WILL DAMN YOU!"
    "YOUR WARNED!" NOW!

    How truly horrific. The first person I met in Burlington is a trans girl that is being evicted without notice from her apartment. Worse yet! She can't move to Canada, as her passport is not valid, as it shows her gender as "X". No longer approved by Satan's Empire. Further, she can't get it changed back to "male," so that she can move to Canada! OMG! Truly Evil People!

    The Only Way Jazzie is moving out of "Heavens Second Coming Headquarters 2027!" Is rasing my spirit up to The God of Love! Either at The Second Coming! Or sooner! Pure Evil People & Society!

    MERRY CHRISTMAS! "FREE AT LAST!" THE FIRST TIME IN MY 67 YEARS OF ACTUALLY FEELING "FREE AT LAST!" TO BE CHRIST'S VERY CLOSE DAUGHTER "JAZZIE DANISH GIRL!" "Little jC Burlington Girl!" "BORN AGAIN!"

    ​JUST BEFORE BEING MADE ILLEGAL! PRAY FOR THIS VERY EVIL SICK SOCIETY $ LOST PEOPLE SATANS MAFIA

    Jazzie Single Trans Lesbian Girly Girly Girly Girl that loves Girly Girly Girls! Mostly! Bi! Functional for 67 years as male. Definitely not me!

    ​I LOVE Being a Very Feminine Loving Spiritual Progressive Activist and Sexy Danish/Nordic Woman! Bud and Wine Girly Girl! Extreme skier, sailor, guitar, diver, nature & underwater photography,  XC, biking, snow shoeing, camping. Love Animals! "Room in Rome" favorite lesbian movie. I was a broiler cook at Harrah's Tahoe in 1975, and at Carrow's Tahoe, for a few years.

    Big fan over the years of "Beat Bobby Flay," my cooking education. So I am a good cook, and like cooking for someone else. Cooking 2 nice meals daily, killer omlet, killer salad with salmon, chicken, or pork. 10 and 2, with light snaks, etc.

    ​Passionately Love and Adore God! Try to Follow God's Love & Will Alone!

    ​Only Eternal Goal: "Become One With Jesus, Sarayu, Mama and Father God!" Loves and Kisses, Jazzie 

    As my Spiritual Sister, Tori Kelly, so spiritually & beautifully sings, "Lord Teach Me to Love Others The Way You Love Me!" and "I am never Alone! You / Jesus are always and all ways with me."

    Tell everyone, to "Do as I have commanded them." And remember, " I will be with you until the end of the age!" Christ's last words given to the apostles before Christ rose up to heaven in Matthew's Gospel.

    ​Living constantly seeking to "Become One With Jesus!" My Loving Passionate Journey
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    Jazzie Cat, Danish Girl, Siberian White Tigress, God's Girl, is having a very serious problem. Every time I think of you two! I become very very excited! "Our Christmas Heart of Loves Ecstasy  Intimacy." What's a Danish Girl To Do? 
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    NEW INSIGHTS: I have been inspired by The Good Lord to hold off on My deep love for Tori and Andre now. As I worry that I am bugging them, due to my very strong love for them both. However I am leaving the story online, to confirm that I do love you two both so much!  As my spiritual sister and brother, and more? Amazing dreams, the only ones I have ever had in my life! 

    I will still keep thinking about you two! All Day Every Day! Tori & Andre! Until "The Second Coming!" When I/we will find out if "The Most Blessed Love Tori, Andre & Jazzie" is fulfilled in Our Christmas Heart of God's Loves! Love Jazzie


    Think of how "Blessed" We 3 have been, notably "The Toad With The Little Tally Waker!" If these dreams R Form The God of Love.

    Is It Possible "The Whole of Heaven," is Wondering if "God's Most Blessed and Beautiful Daughter and Son," Will Kiss "God's Toad Daughter," not for long, At "The Second Coming?" Passionately confirming "Our Christmas Heart of Loves," R Fulfilled 3 As 1 In "God's Love!"

    "The Most Blessed Love Tori, Andre & Jazzie," of all time, becomes Fulfilled in "Our Christmas Heart of Loves!" Love U 2 Soooooo Much! Jazzie
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    "God's Christmas Heart of Loves!" Created and Fulfilled in Heaven with My Dream Loves, Tori Kelly and Andre Morello! Jesus, Sarayu, Mama and Father God! Amen!

    Visualize God's spirit, your closest circle of spiritual family members. Tori, Andre, Jazzie with JC, Sarayu, Mamma and Father around "Your Heart!" 

    "God's Christmas Heart of Loves" prayer!

    Pray, while you kiss your thumbs, the tip of Your Heart! And kiss each of Your Spiritual Loves around the heart.

    Lord, help me to be so strong in Your Love, that I can suffer the most horrific pain. As You did for US on the cross. (Raising your heart up to God, in a chalice).

    So that I can help guide All God's Souls that I touch to God's Love! (Bring your hands to crossed fingers, signifying God's Spirits!)

    That God's Spirits May Find their Way Home! One in Your Love! (Bring hands overlapping fingers, thumbs down, to make house).

    So God's Souls may be blessed to Experience Your Perfect Love in Heaven for Eternity. (Raise your hands from the house, up to an open embrace, looking up to God & Heaven!)

    This I/we pray, Amen!

    Tori, Andre & Jazzie inspired "Christmas Heart of Loves!" Fulfill Your "Christmas Heart of Loves," by doing "My Final New Testament!" 

    By the way, what started as "God's Circle of Loves" with Tori, Andre & Jazzie, became "God's Christmas Heart of Loves." But only after it was "Three Becomes One" in "God's Christmas Heart of Loves." Not when it was just Tori & I for the 2 years, before it became "3 becomes 1!"

    ​Tori, not only R U the Woman I have always dreamt of becoming! U R my mentor, big sister, BFF, soul mate and if my dreams R correct, the one with your spirit filled husband fulfill "My Christmas Heart of Loves!" And, we have never met! If true, through God's Spiritual dimension! Amen!

    Tori, is the most blessed spirit in God's Love I have ever touched! She is preparing the way for "The Second Coming" in her spirit filled amazing music and singing!

    ​Talk about Hits! Tori, You R Amongst The Most Blessed & Popular Spirits in Heaven! Already! Andre & I just want to LOVE, LOVE LOVE You Tori Girl!

    Tori is "The Most Blessed Spirit in Christ's Loves!" The Shining Light On The TOP of The Hill that Jesus Christ Asked us to be! GOD'S MENTOR!

    "Embrace Tori's Love!" "Embrace God's Love!" "One With Jesus!" God's Closest Daughter! Love U! So Much! Your Sister!


    The last 2 statements by Christ before rising up to Heaven in Matthew, Tori sings about Very Emotionally, Spiritually, Touching My Very Soul!

    Tell them to "do as I commanded you." Her song "Teach me to love others the way You love me," is ALL HE commanded! This is what I call "The Heavenly Anthem!" 

    Remember, I will be with you until the end of the age. Tori's "Never Alone" is God telling "US" "You" this speaking through her, like all of her work.

    She is my spiritual sister "Preparing The Way" for "The Second Coming!"

    Andre, you are closest to Papa I have ever touched, like Tori! Very Close! You are my big brother, BFF, my soul mate and fulfill "Jazzie's Christmas Heart of Loves!"

    No offense, but I really don't like being a guy! So can't say that "you are the man I wanted to be." As I can't stand being a man! If I loved being a man, you would be the man, I would love to be! Papa assures me! Very close to Jesus! Very Loving and Strong!

    "Andre, you are the man I would Love to Love with Your Love, Tori!" If I fulfill both of "Your Christmas Hearts of Loves!" Love You Two Soooo Much, Jazzie Danish Girl!

    R U God's Most Blessed and Amazingly Beautiful Spirits, Closest to The Lord God, the only ones that have seen through Jim to see and love Jazzie Danish Girl? The Toad with the tally wacker! Not for long!

    Some of "The Rest of The Story." Jazzie's wife could not intimately love Jazzie, as she is not attracted to women. So this has been hard on both of them. Plus, Jazzie's call to do "The Final New Testament," has been very hard too.

    Jazzie & Tracie, her X are now divorced, as Jazzie needed to "be me!" Jazzie Danish Girl! Her / My wife could not handle this, or my devotion to Christ's request for me to do "The Final New Testament."

    Jazzie first touched Tori's soul/eyes in 2016, roughly when I learned later, she started dating Andre. In 2018, Tori & Andre married. Jazzie was devastated. I had to stop loving her, as now they were married. 

    Three weeks, roughly, later, I said to JC. Papa, is there another "Tori" out there? He said, Not the Tori you Love! The closest spirit to Me! The woman you want to be. Your BFF, sister, soul mate, and Jazzie's fulfillment in My Love. 

    This is what Tori's new song "U" is saying from Me to Both of You. There is No One Other Than You Two Who "Fulfills Jazzie's Our Christmas Heart of God's Loves!"

    I asked what am I to do? He said, "I didn't say 3 was not possible in Heaven." Three, Tori, Andre and Jazzie 3!? He said yes. However you have to let them see if "You fulfill Their Love in Me." And for "The Second Coming." 

    Two of God's closest daughters and son, "Three Become One In God's Christmas Heart of Love!" Definitely, Jazzie

    In my dreams, Tori tells Andre about "her sister," who is the head of Tori's Fan Club, in her mind! The only thing she wants more than "to be me," is "to love me!" She tells Andre about Jazzie, and God saying "3 May Be Blessed," if "We Feel The Same," as Jazzie!

    Andre says, "you mean the toad!?" She laughs, and Andre notes, "did you see that she/he has a tally wacker!" Trust me, Tori tells Andre, The Good Lord insures me "Jazzie is Our beautiful little sister in Heaven."

    From there We Three have had, in my dreams, all of the amazing experiences I describe below. Just Dreams? or Loving in God's Loves?!

    Jazzie Danish Girl is really God's daughter, "Little jC Burlington Girl!" Doing "The Final New Testament!?" The last requirement to prepare for "The Second Coming"

    ​Like her Most Blessed Sister and Most Blessed Brother, "Preparing the Way!" 4 "The Second Coming!" By 2027!

    ​Can't wait to see if "The Most Blessed Love Tori, Andre & Jazzie" was a blessing by God, falling deeply in love with each other through God's spirit! Two of God's Closest Women and Man, One in God's Love! Definitely, Jazzie Girl!

    Or R these just my very vivid and spiritual sexual ecstasy dreams in heaven in a water fall, on a beach, in our bed watching concerts. Ecstasy beyond anything I have ever experienced! "The Spiritual Dimension One In God's Christmas Heart of Loves Intimate Ecstasy!" Amazing! 

    Then Ice Dancing and Singing with Papa leading his two daughters, Tori & Jazzie, on the ice! With Andre, Andrea, Mother, Mama, Father God & The Sunshine Band playing!

    Creating with/and God blessing US! "Three Become One in God's Christmas Heart of Loves!" Amen!

    ​"God's Circle of Loves!" Then evolving this to "God's Christmas Heart of Loves!" All of this is beyond anything I could have ever imagined prior to "US!"  

    Are all of these blessed dreams simply wishful creative dreams?

    ​Which prior to these dreams, I never had vivid dreams I remembered, "in  my whole life!" Only sense "We Three" have been blessed in heaven!

    Lasst Night 2/12/25, i was having my typical "garbled dream," falling to sleep. Meaningless blips of what ever touched me yesterday. No coherent dream, ever.

    Then I was in heaven, doing what I call "Walking on The Water" with JC, Jazzie Style. Running with my Papa into the water, diving in, and becoming a dolphin. Jumping into the air many times, then jumping into a flock of birds. Becoming one of them. Flying up to the top of the Mountain. Dropping down to the snow. Becoming Jazzie again, deep powder skiing with Papa. Jazzie's version of "Closeness to Papa" training!

    ​This was the dream, Tracie, my wife, woke me up from, laughing outlaid skiing down the mountain. She asked what's so funny. I told her the story above. 

    She knows this story well. And knows I have never had dreams. As she has them all the time. And I always would say, I have never had a "coherent dream" I can remember. 

    The only other primary dreams in Heaven, are of "Tori, Andre & Jazzie," loving each other and experiencing Heaven with The LORD GOD! 

    Just my creative mind? Why, not until now!? Why the logical relationship with my work doing "The Final New Testament?"

    I know why! My Lord blessing "His Toad with a Tally Wacker Daughter," and to allow you to know that What I Am Sharing With You is From God!

    Is Tori's "High Water," saying "I know what's on the other side!" Tori telling me they have experienced We Three in Heaven? I hope so! Luv U

    We will know at "The Second Coming" Soon! Love You Two Soooo Much, Jazzie Danish Girl

    Dream Trans Woman Hero and just Love Her, Charlie Martin. Early Trans Woman Hero and Dream Love, Dr. Christine McGinn.

    ​Mostly attracted to very feminine strong spiritual Nordic progressive activist type of lesbian, bi women or trans women!  Bud and wine Girly Girls! Sports animal ocean and outdoor lover.

    ​Just how God made me!  How did God make You?

    Primary Non-Trans Heros: Jesus Christ Sarayu, Mama and Father God! Tori Kelley & Andre Morello, Noam Chomsky, Chris Hedges, Bernie Sanders, Jorgen Randers! Donnela and Dennis Meadows "The Limits to Growth," Jacques Cousteau "The Under Sea World," Jacques Fresco "The Venus Project," E. "Kay" Hunt, Jorgen Randers, Gabor Mate, Vandana Shiva, Blasé Bonpane, Abraham Maslow, Viktor Frankl, Elie Wiesel, Dr. King. Stein Erickson, my passion 4 the perfect turns! Focus! My Danish Nordic Friends!

    ​We took 2nd in MI for a one act play where I was portraying Ellie watching his family gassed in Auschwitz, when I was in high school. What a life long emotional impact! Other heroes of mine: Abby Martin, Guy McPherson, Richard Wolf, True Danish / Nordic Model Progressive  Supporters & Activists!

    ​"Born Again," "free to be me," finally at 67, just before being made illegal! What truly Evil Lost Satanic People!

    Love Your Enemies! Pray for those that persecute you! Try to Love All! jC

    Merry Christmas and a Blessed New Year! In Christ's Service & Love! Little jC Burlington Girl!
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    "JAZZIE CAT!"
    ​"JAZZIE SIBERIAN WHITE TIGRESS!"
    "Little jC Burlington Girl!"
    ​"JAZZIE DANISH GIRL!"

    "ONE LOVE"
    ​"GOD'S LOVE!"
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    THE FINAL WORDS CHRIST SAID TO THE APOSTLES BEFORE RISING UP TO HEAVEN: 

    The Great Commission 

    16 But the eleven disciples proceeded to Galilee, to the mountain which Jesus had designated to them. 17 And when they saw Him, they worshiped Him; but some were doubtful.

    18 And Jesus came up and spoke to them, saying, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to Me. 


    19 Go, therefore, and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, 


    20 teaching them to follow all that I commanded you; and behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.” 

    DO ALL THAT CHRIST TOLD YOU TO DO! KNOW THAT CHRIST WILL BE WITH YOU FOR ALL TIME! LOVE GOD! PASSIONATELY NOW!
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    "THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT!" V1 OR V2 CHRIST'S WORDS . . RE SALVATION AND TO "BECOME ONE WITH JESUS!" CUSTOMIZED BY YOU FOR . . V 3 "MY FINAL TESTAMENT!" TO "JESUS CHRIST" "THE GOD OF LOVE!"

    "THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT" TOLD THROUGHOUT THE WORLD! FOR ALL TO HEAR!

    ​IF YOU CAN, PLEASE ANSWER JESUS CHRIST'S CALL, PLEASE! LET'S GET "THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT" TOLD THROUGHOUT THE WORLD, SO WE ARE READY FOR "THE SECOND COMING" AND "THE FINAL JUDGEMENT!" . . BY 2027, POSSIBLY SOONER!

    IF YOU ARE READING THIS, AND CAN HELP TO "SPREAD THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT," "CHRIST'S WORDS ON HOW TO ACHIEVE SALVATION AND TO BECOME ONE WITH JESUS!" THEN CUSTOMIZED TO "YOUR LIFE YOUR EVERYTHING!" TO CREATE "MY FINAL TESTAMENT" TO "THE GOD OF LOVE!" WITH ALL OF YOUR PASSIONATE LOVE POURED OUT AND YOUR EFFORTS TO BECOME ONE WITH JESUS!"

    PLEASE EMAIL ME AT [email protected], OR CALL ME AT 530.314.1057. I WILL PRAY THAT JESUS INSPIRES YOU TO HELP HIM TELL "THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT" OF JESUS CHRIST. JESUS CHRIST'S WORDS CUSTOMIZED TO YOU! FROM JESUS CHRIST! WITH LOVE! WITH JAZZIE, HIS DAUGHTER, BEING CHRIST'S CHANNEL.

    ALL I NEED IS WHAT CHRIST TOLD THE APOSTLES TO ASK FOR, MY NIGHTS KEEP. JUST MY EXPENSES, AT BUDGET PLACES, AND PEOPLE'S HOMES. LOW COST, RESULTS IN, THE HIGHEST IMPACT ON "SPREADING CHRIST'S WORD!" 


    ​"CHRIST'S WORDS SPECIFICALLY TAILORED TO YOUR NEEDS" ARE A GIFT FROM JESUS! TAKE CHRIST UP ON THIS BY REALLY PASSIONATELY CREATING "MY FINAL TESTAMENT" TO "THE GOD OF LOVE!" JESUS, SARAYU, MAMMA AND FATHER GOD! LOVE YOU SOOOOOOOOO, MUCH! JAZZIE

    ​NOW IT IS YOUR TURN! OR SIMPLY FOLLOW ME CUSTOMIZING "MY FINAL TESTAMENT" BELOW, IT IS VERSION 3, WHICH COMES FIRST.

    AS HE SAID, MY WORDS WILL BE PROCLAIMED AROUND THE WORLD. "THE FINAL TESTAMENT" "NEW TESTAMENT!" "THE FINAL NEW TESTAMENT!" FOR ALL TO HEAR AND USE "MY FINAL TESTAMENT!" TO HELP YOU . . PREPARE YOUR SOULS! . . PREPARE YOUR FAMILIES! . . PREPARE YOUR COMMUNITIES! . . PREPARE GOD'S WORLD!

    "BECOME ONE WITH JESUS!" . . NOW! . . PASSIONATELY LOVE GOD ABOVE ALL ELSE!

    ​"THE SECOND COMING!" . . AND . . "THE FINAL JUDGEMENT!" . . BY 9/2027! SOONER!?

    PERMANENT . . CEASEFIRE! . . NOW! . . 
    TWO STATES! . . NOW!
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    ISRAEL AND US WANT THE WATERFRONT OF GAZA AND THE OIL OFFSHORE OF GAZA!

    VLAD WANTS UKRAINE'S GAS OIL PIPELINES FOOD PORTS AND DOESN'T WANT NATO ON ITS DOORS.

    CHENEY & BUSH . . 
    THE EVIL RIGHT WING
    ROCKEFELLER TOLD US ON LAST 13 MIN OF ZEITGEIST THEY DID 9/11, DOING GENOCIDE IRAQ & AFGHANISTAN NOW GAZA WEST BANK SYRIA TO TAKE OVER THE MIDDLE EAST THEN VENEZUELA WITH PLANS TO CHIP EVERYONE! KILLING THOSE THAT STOOD AGAINST THEM! GLOBAL GENOCIDE!

    "THANK GOD!" . . 
    "IT IS . . THE END!" . . OF
    ​"RUTHLESS RULE" . . BY "THE EVIL RICH!" AMEN!


    UPDATED . . THE MOST IMPORTANT POST ON GOD'S SITE:  "ENTER THE NARROW GATES!" TRUE NORDICS! THE GREEN PARTY! JILL STEIN BERNIE AOC THE SQAD! WIDE & BROAD ARE THE GATES TO HELL! TOTALITARIAN GANGSTER CAPITALISM & SOCIALISM! FORETOLD! "DONNY THE DEVIL!" OF SATAN'S EMPIRE! DAMN TRANS/GTLBX = GOD DAMNS U!

    SIBERIAN METHANE + HOT HOUSE EARTH + AMOC SHUTDOWN = "THE SIBERIAN MONSTER HURRICANE BERYL!" CAT 6! 150 F PLUS! SOON! "HOT STUFF!" "THE SIBERIAN METHANE MONSTER!" CAUSES THE METHANE HEAT WAVE AND SURFACE FIRESTORM! THE FIREY WAVES OF DEATH! BY 2027-30!

    CHRIST DID NOT COME DOWN TO EARTH TO DIE FOR YOUR SINS! HE CAME TO BE YOUR TEACHER! YOUR BFF! ALL GOOD TO YOU! TALK TO GOD DAILY! ASK GOD FOR GUIDANCE IN EVERYTHING EVERY DAY! LOVE GOD ABOVE ALL ELSE! PASSIONATELY! LOVE OTHERS WITH GOD'S LOVE! LOVE U!

    CHRIST LAID OUT IN THE 1,500 TO 2,000 UNIQUE WORDS THAT THEY ESTIMATE HE SPOKE IN THE GOSPELS, THAT SUPPORTING . . "THE NORDIC MODEL" . . IS THE PATH TO  ENTERING . . "THE NARROW GATES" . . INTO ETERNITY IN CHRIST'S / GOD'S HEAVEN.  

    "THE FINAL TESTAMENT," WHICH I HAVE LAID OUT HERE. CHRIST TOLD ME TO JUST USE HIS WORDS HERE, TO SHOW THAT CHRIST . . "LOGICALLY" WAS THE FIRST . . RADICAL PACIFIST ANTI-WAR LIBERTARIAN DEMOCRATIC MARKET SOCIALIST . . THE FIRST NORDIC MODEL ECONOMIST! THE LOGIC OF THE GOD OF LOVE! NOTABLY A DANE. AS THE DANES HAVE PROVEN BY . .

    "THE FRUITS OF THEIR EFFORTS" . . THAT THEY HAVE CREATED THE MOST  . . SUSTAINABLE HUMANE AND EGALITARIAN SOCIETY . . "AS IT IS IN HEAVEN! SO SHOULD IT BE ON EARTH!" . . THEY ARE MOST BLESSED NOW & IN HEAVEN! 

    THE NORDICS, NOTABLY THE DANES, HAVE CREATED THE MOST BLESSED SOCIETIES/Y THAT . . "TAKES CARE OF THOSE IN NEED!" THE PRIMARY CRITERIA CHRIST SAID WILL DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BLESSED TO LIVE FOR ETERNITY IN HEAVEN, IN THE FINAL JUDGEMENT! NOT! THE RUTHLESS GREED FOR MONEY FOR THE SUPER RICH!

    BE BLESSED! SUPPORT . . THE NORDIC MODEL! . . BERNIE AOC THE SQUAD, THE TRUE PROGRESSIVES SUPPORTING . . "GOD'S MODEL!" . . "THE NORDIC MODEL!"
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    The Purpose of Life Pray "Help Me To Love Others The Way YOU Love Me!" This IS ALL YOU NEED to Become One With God! I LOVE YOU SOO MUCH! "JC!" THE GOD OF LOVE!

    JIM'S SUGGESTIONS:
    ​

    PRACTICE FOR HEAVEN!
    "LIVE LIKE THE PLANET IS DYING!" It Is THE END!

    LOVE MORE, AND LOVE MORE PEOPLE! TRY!
    ​
    FIND A CAUSE! GIFT AS MUCH AS YOU CAN! TO "THOSE IN NEED!"
    ​
    GIFT MOST OF YOUR WEALTH TO GOD! TO "THOSE IN NEED!"  IF YOUR EVIL GREED HAS ENGULFED YOUR SOUL! IF YOU ARE VERY RICH!

    SUPPORT "AS IT IS IN HEAVEN, SO SHOULD IT BE ON EARTH!" SUSTAINABLE, HUMANE AND EGALITARIAN! "THE SHE NORDIC MODEL!" JILL STEIN BERNIE AOC & THE SQUAD! AND . .

    "BECOME ONE!" REALLY OPEN YOUR LIFE TO GOD'S LOVE! GOD WANTS TO BE YOUR BFF! LET GOD GUIDE AND FULFILL YOU! LOVE GOD WITH ALL OF YOUR PASSION! EVERY DAY!

    ​IF YOU DON'T BELIEVE IN GOD! BE A "GOOD HUMANIST!" AND . . 

    ​"I WILL SEE YOU IN HEAVEN SOON!" JIM

    "JAZZIE" GOD'S TRANS GENDER DAUGHTER. CHANNEL FOR WRITING "THE FINAL TESTAMENT OF JESUS SARAYU MAMMA AND FATHER GOD!" "THE ONE!"

    TRANS MS DENMARK! TRNS MS BURLINGTON! DANISH CHRISTIAN HUMANIST! FOCUSED ON "THOSE IN NEED!" IN MY DREAMS! VERY FEM!
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          "JAZZIE CAT!"
          "JAZZIE GIRL!"
    "Little jC Burlington Girl!"

    THE PRIMARY CHANGE FROM 2016 GENDER SOCIETY OVERVIEW BELOW. WHERE I FORECAST 2100 FOR "ICE FREE ARCTIC" WAS THE START OF MASSIVE METHANE RELEASE DOCUMENTED FROM 2016-2017. 

    ORIGINALLY IN 2012 MALCOM LIGHT FORECAST 
    Global Extinction within one Human Lifetime as a Result of a Spreading Atmospheric Arctic Methane Heat wave and Surface Firestorm,

    DUE TO BARROW ALASKA METHANE LEVELS SPIKING FROM 1800 TO 2000 IN 2010. SAM CARANA'S GRAPHS 2000 TO 2400 RISE FROM 2020 TO 2024! THE FIRESTORM HAS EXPLODED!
    ​
    ​IN 2017 DR. PETER WATAMS CAMBRIDGE FORECAST "ICE FREE ARCTIC" BY 2025!

    ​CHRIST SAID, THIS IS WHEN "MY MOST PROFOUND PROPHECY" WILL BE FULFILLED! AT THE END TIMES, IT WILL BE LIKE NOAH & SODOM & GOMORRA, ONE DAY NORMAL, NEXT HELL ON EARTH. 
    jazzie_gs_post_spring_2016_pdf.pdf
    File Size: 308 kb
    File Type: pdf
    Download File

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    GOD’S . . JC’S . . PROGRESSIVE NEWS, SCIENCE & TRUE CHRISTIANITY! . .
    . . “THE LIBERATION THEOLOGY OF JESUS CHRIST!” . . “JC!”. .
    . . “ALL TRUTH!” . . 
    . . “NO LIES!” 
    . . TO HELP PREPARE . .
    . . “YOUR SOUL!” AS . .  
    . . “It Is THE END!” . . . .
    . . “SAVE YOUR SOUL!” .
    ​. . “BECOME ONE!” NOW!
    PLUS . . . .
    . . MORE PROGRESSIVE NEWS, INSIGHTS AND ANALYSIS . . IN  1 POST . .THAN CNN IN A YEAR!

    CHRIST STATED: I HAD TO COME TO TELL "YOU"  "MY FATHER'S WILL!" WHICH MY FATHER HAS UPDATED TO TODAY! ON "GOD'S SITE!" SOON! "YOU" WILL BE JUDGED! BY HOW "YOU" "DO MY FATHER'S WILL!" "TAKE CARE OF THOSE IN NEED!" NOT "YOUR EVIL GREED!" OR "FRY BABY FRY!" IN THE IMPACTS OF "YOUR EVIL GREED!" . . VERY SOON!
    ​

    "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me; he has anointed me to tell the good news to the poor. He has sent me to announce release to the prisoners and recovery of sight to the blind, to set oppressed people free, and that the time of the Lord ’s favor has come.” Luke 4:18-19

    Christ's Message is . .
    Good News for The Poor Imprisoned Blind and for The Oppressed! It is . . "The Last Warning" for . . THE EVIL RICH and The Oppressors! The EVIL Republicans Right Dems Right Independents and Right Anti-Christians! Support The Nordic Model Now! Gift Your Evil Income & Wealth! Or Fry in Hell You caused!


    "Depart From ME!" "Ye" "That Have Worked" . .  "The Most Evil Iniquity of Wealth, Income & Justice! Of ALL TIME!"

    "To THE REST!" . . Do what Tori sings so amazingly in the first video. Pray "Help Me To Love Others The Way YOU LOVE ME!" Support 
    "As it is IN HEAVEN!" Sustainable Humane and Egalitarian . . "The Nordic Model!" Bernie / AOC / The Squad! Now! Gift as much as you can!

    Little did I know over the past 20 plus years of going to Maui, our favorite spot, and laughing at the sign below, that "Christ" would select me  to "prepare the way!" Truly "Jesus Is Coming Soon!"
    ​By 2025-2030! Soon after "The ARCTIC is Ice Free!" The Spiral below goes to Zero! Prepare your Souls! . . NOW!

    ​THESIS SUMMARIES & Key Links SideBar Below
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    THE FINAL TESTAMENT OF JESUS CHRIST! “THE LOGICAL GOD OF LOVE!”

    "MY HIS STORY"​

    My journey with "JC!" My BFF! The Only Reason! "Become One!" NOW! In process but most is here or on my "Jazzie" page.

    "JAZZIE" . . "LITTLE Jc"
    ​
    My Trans story written in spring 2016. "His Site" was launched in 8/2015. Amazing how little has changed! Need to join Gender Society to read bios! The primary NEW INFO. Methane Release has skyrocketed! Which I have documented here! Hence, "It Is THE END" by 2030! Not by 2100!

    CLICK HERE FOR THE PDF FILE! . . OF . . "JAZZIE!" . . "LITTLE Jc!" VISIT GENDERSOCIETY!


    PROVING . . CHRIST'S MOST PROFOUND PROPHECY! . . BY 2022 TO 2027! PLEASE READ 

    "CHRIST'S MOST PROFOUND PROPHECY!" WHEN "THE ARCTIC IS ICE FREE!" "STRONG EL NINO COLLAPSE OF THE AMOC & THE 2ND  COMING!" "BECOME ONE II!" TRANS HELL! PASSIONATELY LOVE GOD! NOT MONEY! "LOVE OTHERS WITH GOD'S LOVE!" GIVE YOUR WEALTH & LIFE TO GOD!


    WELCOME TO "THE END OF THE WORLD!" "THANK GOD!" "It Is THE END!" PUTIN STARTS WWIII! 1 "THE FINAL JUDGEMENT" BY 2027! DURING "THE SECOND COMING!" MOST BLESSED - "NORDIC MODEL SUPPORTERS!" THE MOST DAMNED "THE EVIL RICH & RIGHT WING ANTI-CHRISTIANS!"

    JOE DO "THE SUMMIT TO SAVE OUR SPECIES!" AND "ONE LOVE!" NOW!

    ​PREPARE YOUR SOULS - NOW! BECOME "ONE" WITH "THE ONE!" NOW! THE END IS MUCH CLOSER THAN YOU THINK!

    WHEN I SPEAK - "AS MY FATHER" - I SPEAK -      "FOR MY FATHER!" BECOME ONE! - NOW! HIS CHANNEL! LOVE U!

    MY PRIMARY ROLE IS AS MY CLOSEST SPIRITUAL BROTHER, JOHN THE BAPTIST, TO PREPARE THE WAY! LOVE U!

    LOVE GOD WITH ALL OF YOUR HEART! DEVOUT YOUR SOUL LIFE & WEALTH TO - “THE GOD OF LOVE!” NOW! NOW!

    TRY TO LOVE ALL OTHERS WITH GOD’S LOVE! BE OF PEACE! FORGIVE THE WAY YOU WANT TO BE FORGIVEN!


    PRAY FOR YOUR FORGIVENESS FOR CHOOSING MONEY OVER GOD! INIQUITY OVER EQUITY! FOR NOT SUPPORTING THE ONLY OBVIOUS EGALITARIAN SOCIETIES OF GOD’S LOVE  - HELPING “THOSE IN NEED!”
    ​THE NORDIC MODEL COUNTRIES! FOR SUPPORTING “THE GREED OF THE FEW!” VERSUS HELPING “THOSE IN NEED!” FOR - NOT BECOMING “ONE WITH - THE ONE!” GOD’S LOVE!


    Matthew 7:21-23
    King James Version


    21 Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven.

    FATHER’S WILL IS TO HAVE SUSTAINABLE HUMANE AND EGALITARIAN SOCIETIES/MARKETS!
    ”THE NORDIC MODEL!” AS IT IS IN HEAVEN IT SHOULD BE ON EARTH!


    22 Many will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in thy name? and in thy name have cast out devils? and in thy name done many wonderful works?

    23 And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you: depart from me, ye that work iniquity.

    ​RIGGED! KOCHS TAKE OVER COVID & HEALTHCARE! "ICE FREE ARCTIC!" UNLEASHES "HOT STUFF" "GIGATONS OF METHANE!" CAUSED BY STRONG EL NINO EARTHQUAKES SUPER STORMS AMOC COLLAPSE REDUCED ALBEDO BY 2023-2027! ADD "LATENT HEAT OF FUSION!" = "MELTING OF ANTARCTICA!"

    JOE DO "THE SUMMIT TO SAVE OUR SPECIES!" AND "ONE LOVE!" OR FRY WHEN YOU DIE! METHANE EXPLODES! IPCC ISSUES NO METHANE NON-SCIENCE! ARCTIC ICE BY GEOENGINEERING!? AMOC COLLAPSE EXPLODES GULF TEMPS! SUPER STORMS DESTROY GULF BY 25! "It Is THE END!" 2030!

    ​REMEMBERING - CHENEY BUSH STOLE B-TRILLIONS DOING 9/11! A NEWS WOMAN CALLED BLD 7 DOWN LIVE ON TV! ROCKEFELLER TOLD RUSSO 9/11 WOULD HAPPEN 11 MONTHS BEFORE AND ROCKEFELLER TOLD RUSSO "SATAN'S MAFIA GLOBAL DEPOPULATION AND POLICE STATE AGENDA!" NO VACCINES FOR POOR COUNTRIES IS SATAN'S MAFIA DEPOPULATION AGENDA! It Is THE END! ENJOY HELL!

    "THANK GOD!" . . "It Is THE END!" . OF . "RUTHLESS RULE BY THE EVIL RICH!" THEIR OPERATORS AND ANTI-CHRISTIAN WHORES! . . OMG! "THE ARCTIC OCEAN" IS . . "ON FIRE!" . . "HOT STUFF!" WILL ARISE ON "TRUMPET COCAINE!" SOON!

    THE FINAL WARNING TO "SATAN'S STATES OF EVIL GREED!" "SUPPORT THE NORDIC MODEL" & "GIVE TO THOSE IN NEED!" THE NORDIC THEORY OF LOVE - VS - SATAN’S EMPIRE OF EVIL GREED’S THEORY OF “ALL FOR ME!” “FUCK YOU-ISM!” OR "FRY BABY FRY!" SOON!

    STAND AGAINST THE PURE EVIL INIQUITY OF WEALTH INCOME & JUSTICE IN THE US & GLOBALLY!

    SEEK - NOT - TO STORE UP WEALTH ON EARTH! BUT IN HEAVEN!


    RARELY WILL A RICH PERSON ENTER HEAVEN UNLESS THEY GIVE AWAY THEIR INSANE INCOME (BAGS OF HARVEST) AND INSANE WEALTH (HUMPS ON THEIR BACKS) TO “THOSE IN NEED!” FOR THE LOVE OF GOD! WILL THEY FIT THROUGH THE EYE OF THE NEEDLE! HEAVEN!

    WORTH OVER $5 MILLION? GIFT EXCESS OVER $5 MILLION IN ASSETS AND A $5 MILLION HOUSE PER FAMILY BY 2025! IS YOUR NET WORTH FROM $1 TO $5 MILLION - GIFT 10% OF TOTAL INCOME! UNDER $1 MILLION - WHAT YOU CAN! T0 - “THOSE IN NEED!” STRETCH! SHOW GOD HOW MUCH YOU LOVE GOD! BY SHOWING YOUR LOVE FOR - THOSE IN NEED! YOUR LOVE AND HELP FOR - “THOSE IN NEED” - MAY - “SAVE YOUR SOUL!” 

    SAVE A CHILD IN NEED! GIVE THAT CHILD A GOD / GOOD CENTERED HOME AND UPBRINGING! THE CHILD’S LOVE WILL SAVE YOUR SOUL! DON’T GET TOO MANY CHILDREN! ONE IS GOD!

    IT IS SIMPLY WHAT - “A GOOD SOUL” - WORTHY OF ETERNITY - ONE IN GOD’S LOVE WOULD DO!

    BY 2023-2027 IT WILL BE - MAD MAX! RAISE YOUR SPIRITS UP TO GOD! “ASCENSION THURSDAY 2025!” OR SPIRITUALLY MEANINGFUL DAY TO YOU! A NICE SUNSET!

    ​GET YOUR SUCK BAGS - NOW! PREPARE YOUR SOUL! PREPARE YOUR FAMILIES! LOVE GOD!


    GIVE TO & HELP THOSE IN NEED! SUPPORT “THE NORDIC MODEL!” NOW! . . NOW!

    NARROW IS THE ENTRANCE TO HEAVEN! THE NORDIC MODEL SUPPORTERS! WIDE IS THE GATE TO HELL! THOSE NOT SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE HUMANE AND EGALITARIAN!

    MY MAIN GOAL! . .
    ​. . “TO SAVE YOU!”

    ​LET JESUS, SARAYU AND MAMMA - “THE LOGICAL GOD OF LOVE!” GUIDE YOU HOME! NOW!
    “THE BIG ONE” - BELOW ARCTIC SEA ICE - GOES TO “0!” UNLEASHING . . .
    ​“HOT STUFF!” SOON!
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    “GET YOUR SUCK BAGS” NOW! TIME TO “RAISE OUR SPIRITS UP TO GOD!” BY “ASCENSION THURSDAY 2023” AT THE LATEST!

    MY MAJOR SCIENTIFIC ARGUMENTS:
    WITH ONLY A 3-5C RISE IN GLOBAL TEMPS GMAT, ABOVE PRE-INDUSTRIAL TEMPS, 2-3 ABOVE TODAY, CORE SAMPLES BY ANDRILL IN ANTARCTICA
    PROVED THAT IT CAUSED 60 FEET PLUS SEA LEVEL RISE. ANTARCTICA MELTED 60 TIMES AT THESE TEMPS, WEST AND EAST. PER SAM CARANA 2 C WAS HIT FEB 2020. AN ADDITIONAL 1-3C WILL BE HIT BY 2023-2027!

    “The last time the Earth experienced a comparable concentration of CO₂ was 3-5 million years ago, when the temperature was 2-3°C warmer and sea level was 10-20 meters (30’ TO 60’) higher than now. But there weren’t 7.7 billion inhabitants,” said WMO Secretary-General Professor Petteri Taalas.
    30’-60’ SEA LEVEL RISE BLOWS UP MOST OF THE 440 NUCLEAR REACTORS!
    ​

    DUE TO “THE REDUCTION IN GLOBAL DIMMING” - CAUSED BY DR DEATH’S KILLER COVID! CAUSING A COLLAPSE IN GLOBAL ECONOMIES!

    “HOT STUFF” “THE CLATHRATE GUN FIRING ON TRUMPET COCAINE” WILL HAPPEN BY 2025! DUE TO “COMPLETELY ICE FREE ARCTIC” BY 9/2023-9/2027!

    “MASSIVE RELEASES OF SIBERIAN METHANE” WILL CAUSE 2-3C RISE IN GMAT BY 2025-27! MELTING ANTARCTICA WEST & EAST RAPIDLY!

    CAUSING 60’ SEA LEVEL RISE BY 2025-2030! THIS DESTROYS MOST OF THE 440 NUCLEAR REACTORS. GAME OVER “It Is THE END!”

    HENCE MY PROPOSAL FOR 350-400’ PYRAMID STRUCTURES AROUND NUCLEAR REACTORS, SINCE WATCHING THE ANDRILL VIDEO 2017. 

    ALONG WITH “SIBERIAN METHANE CAPS” TO SEQUESTER METHANE! STORING IT IN TANKS! 

    “THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS” AND STORM SURGE MAY DESTROY NUCLEAR REACTORS, SOONER THAN SEA LEVEL RISE.

    BY 2025 THE GULF & FLORIDA WILL BE DESTROYED BY “THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS” - EXIT NOW!

    ​THIS IS “HERD GENOCIDE“ - NOT - “HERD IMMUNITY!“ THIS IS THE GLOBAL DEPOPULATION AND POLICE STATE AGENDA! “It Is THE END!” BY 2030-2040! 

    ​

    “HERD GENOCIDE!” NOT “HERD IMMUNITY!” PART II. Americans Are Dying At Rates Far Higher Than Other Countries! 8 MILLION MORE POOR!

    “HERD GENOCIDE III” COVID LONG-HAULERS! ACCELERATES “GLOBAL DIMMING!” CAUSING “ICE FREE ARCTIC!” 9/2022 UNLEASHING “HOT STUFF!” MELTING ANTARCTICA! GMAT 2-3C RISE = 60’ SEA LEVEL RISE 2025-30! BLOWING UP 440 NUCLEAR REACTORS! “THE END!”

    MY PRAYER FOR - “THE REST” - SUPPORTING - “THE EVIL RICH!”

    CHRIST’S COMMANDS US TO - COMMAND THE RICH TO “TAKE CARE OF THOSE IN NEED!” TO ENTER HEAVEN! MY INSPIRATIONS OF WHAT YOU MUST DO IN TODAY’S TERMS - TO ENTER GOD’S HEAVEN!


    MOVE TO - CANADA - NOW! IF YOU CAN! BANF TO LAKE SUPERIOR UP TO HUDSON BAY, EAST. NORDIC COUNTRIES. NEW ZEALAND IF YOU CAN AFFORD TO. LAKE TAHOE, LAKE CHAMPLAIN, GREAT LAKES EAST TO COAST IN US!

    MUCH OF MY WORK IS IN ALL CAPITALS - most of others works are in non-caps. Sources are linked - blue text. POSTS

    TO RAISE YOUR SPIRIT UP TO GOD HUMANELY:
    GUYMCPHERSON.COM
    MAXDOGBREWING.COM
    PEACEFUL PILL
    HANDBOOK.COM

    SUICIDE.ORG
    DUE TO - “THE LATENT HEAT EFFECT!” - UNLEASHING - “HOT STUFF!” I COMPARE MY FORECAST FOR EXTINCTION TO SAM’S AND GUYS!!” CAUSING GMAT TO RISE BY 18 C / 32.4 F BY 2026 ACCORDING TO SAM CARANA!

    LOTS OF VIDEOS - TAKES TIME TO LOAD!
    New Topic /Videos Each Post Plus Key Videos

    ALL CREDIT FOR TRUTH IS TO - "THE ONE" - THE SUNSHINE BAND AND AUTHORS NOTED. MY CREDIT IS FOR ANY MISTAKES! SORRY! 
    THE NORDIC MODEL & The Final Judgement: Take Care of "Those in Need!" Or Fry in Hell! Christ IS "The First Great SOCIALIST!" Last Warning! SUPPORT THE NORDIC MODEL or FRY Baby FRY! WHEN YOU DIE, BABY, DIE! SOON!

    GLOBAL POLICIES TO
    SAVE THE SPECIES:
    ONE LOVE CLIMATE REFUGEES & PRISON COMMUNITIES
    ​ENCASE NUCLEAR REACTORS - ENCASE POWER POLES - CAP SIBERIAN AND ARCTIC METHANE - TRANSITION TO PRIMARILY SOLAR AND WIND - USING THE SAVE THE SPECIES - NON-DEBT BASED CURRENCY! EFFECTIVELY A NORDIC MODEL / RESOURCE BASED GLOBAL RENEWABLE ENERGY ECONOMY! -  NOW!

    ALL POSTS (clickie)
    TOP POSTS:

    "THE LOGIC OF THE GOD OF LOVE!" MEDICARE FOR ALL - CHRISTIAN! CAPITALISM - EVIL!

    DO YOU CHOOSE - MONEY OR GOD!


    "MY HIS STORY"

    ANTARCTICA MELTING RAPIDLY! ANDRILL
    2016 VIDEO - 60-75 FOOT SEA LEVEL RISE WITH 400 PPM CARBON, SAME AS TODAY, AND JUST SLIGHTLY HIGHER TEMPS THAN TODAY!


    "LIVING GIVING NETWORKS:" THE THEISTIC HUMANISTIC MODEL FOR ACHIEVING -"ONENESS" - WITH - "GOD'S LAW" - TO TAKE CARE OF - "THOSE IN NEED!" TO ACHIEVE "THE SHE MATRIARCAL NORDIC MODEL!" (not a business solicitation)

    "BECOMING ONE" CORONAVIRUS HELL ON EARTH! THEN - "HOT STUFF"- IS UNLEASHED!

    EXIT - THE GULF & FLORIDA - NOW! “THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS” WILL DESTROY THEM . . 
    . . BY 2025! OMG!


    "GET YOUR SUCK BAGS" NOW! "THE HAMMER AND THE DANCE!" THE MOST HORRIFIC CASE. . . . . "It Is THE END!"

    WORLD'S ONLY MAJOR TERRORISTS GROUP! 
    THE EVIL RIGHT WING! 

    "AS IT IS IN HEAVEN - SO SHOULD IT BE ON EARTH!" SUPPORT THE ONLY CHRIST LIKE SOCIETY OR FRY IN THE HELL YOU SUPPORT!

    RIGGED - The GREAT SIBERIAN METHANE COVER UP!

    ​CAN "THEY" FIX IT? STOP HELL ON EARTH? 


    ​"HOT STUFF LIVES?" 
    The Clathrate Gun Fired


    FOR FULL SCREEN: Login to Youtube FIRST, then Open My Site, Then Click on Video you Want Full Screen. Now Go To Youtube, Switch Screens, Click on History, the First Is the Video You Clicked On - On My Site! If NOT close All, Repeat Process.

    MUST READ and WATCH
    The Nordic Theory of Everything / Love, and Anu Partanen’s writings
    Viking Economics: How the Scandinavians Got It Right - And How We Can, Too; The Secrets of The Nordic Model, by the same author, and The Nordic Perspective!


    ​US CORPORATE STATE SOCIALISM, Fascist Monopolistic, Homo and Transphobe, Racist, Kleptocratic / Thieves, Oil War Imperialist Focused, "ALL for THE RICH" - - "RAPE THE REST!" Especially Destroy the Lives of the Truly Good People Who Stand against THE EVIL GREED of THE FEW, The Sunshine Band. UNTIL The Horrific Demise of ALL God's Children, God's Species and Wonder Filled World for THE EVIL GREED OF THE FEW . . . .
    . . . . is EVIL!


    ​THE NORDIC MODEL:  Libertarian Democratic Market Socialism: Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, are Sustainable, Humane
    and Egalitarian (Think - SHE - The Matriarcal Nordic Model). . . 
    . . . .it is GOOD!


    Vote for THE MATRIARCAL NORDIC MODEL - NOW!
    Jill Stein, Bernie Sanders, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez - AOC, and The Squad 2024!
     VOTE!


    MY HEROS OF "THE MATRIARCAL NORDIC MODEL!" BELOW

    BERNIE SANDERS AND ALEXANDRIA CORTEZ 2020! IF NOT, JILL STEIN AND ABBY MARTIN - GREEN PARTY - 2020! 
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    "God's Girls!" "GG's Community," God's Gifted, think "The Beatitudes," is the Amazing Arts Colony We Will Be playing, singing, praising, loving, adoring God at Soon! Think billions of souls coming to see you, millions daily! Loving U!
    MY HEROS, ABOVE:

    NOAM CHOMSKY, THE CLOSEST TO GOD! EVEN THOUGH HE IS AN ATHEIST! LOVE YOU!

    CHRIS HEDGES, MY HERO BROTHER! YOU ARE TRULY AMAZING!

    VANDANA SHIVA, LOVE YOU WOMAN! SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE! ONENESS VS THE 1%!

    LESTER BROWN, "WORLD ON THE EDGE," "PLAN B 4.0," EARTH-POLICY.ORG

    DR. GUY MCPHERSON, FATHER OF "ABRUPT CLIMATE CHANGE"

    DR. JORGEN RANDERS, FATHER OF "THE LIMITS TO GROWTH!" AND, "2052: A Global Forecast for the next 40 Years!"

    MICHAEL MOORE - DOCUMENTARIAN - FOR - "JC AND THE SUNSHINE BAND!" EXCEPTIONAL DOCUMENTARIES! 

    RICK STEVES - THE NORDIC MODEL - THE GOOD LIFE!

    POSTER CHILDREN,
    BELOW:

    EVIL TRUMP! OF "THANK GOD!" - - 
    "It Is THE END!"

    "HOT STUFF!"
    "THE SIBERIAN METHANE MONSTER!"
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    "House of Trump, House of Putin: The Untold Story of Donald Trump and the Russian Mafia"
    ​
    “Damning in its accumulation of detail, terrifying in its depiction of the pure evil of those Trump chose to do business with.”--The Spectator (UK)
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    Report: The Kochs, A Nazi Past, Oil & The Foundation of The Right
    Picture

    Watch "THE SIBERIAN METHANE MONSTER" - ABOVE - BURN UP and SUPER STORMS DESTROY Planet EVIL GREED! DAILY! OH BOY, WHAT COULD BE MORE EXCITING THAN THAT!? OK, Her Name is . . . . . . . "HOT STUFF!"

    KEY LINKS:
    "THE BIG ONE" - ASIE
    MUST WATCH DAILY!
    ​”ICE FREE ARCTIC. .
    . . SEPT 2020!”
    POLAR PORTAL.DK” 

    Navy.mil Animations
    Navy.mil Sea Ice Thickness Animation 

    ​TA MAPS - UOFM/NOAA
    CAMS METHANE MAPS
    NOAA WATER TEMPS
    National Buoy Center
    WETBULB GLOBE TEMP
    NAT HURRICANE CT
    NSIDC - SNOW & ICE
    EARTH-POLICY.ORG
    GUYMCPHERSON.COM
    SAM CARANA ANB.COM
    PAULBECKWITH.NET
    ART BERMAN SHALE O
    SHALEPROFILE.COM
    JHAT HAVE A THINK

    ​EMAIL UPDATES ARE 1 / 2 MTHS: Sign Up for my Email Updates on the Popup email form. To "unsubscribe" click this option in email blast, it is automatic. For speaking engagements, comments or suggestions, to sponsor ONE LOVE, or The Summit to Save our Species, email me at:

    [email protected]


    "It Is THE END!"

    "The Limits to Growth: A Final Warning" tells you about the authors work since the early seventies, my work since 1980, and the stage of the "science of overpopulation analysis." Dr. Jorgen Randers, "2052: A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years," and Lester Brown, "World on The Edge," have portended the fate of the world, due to overpopulation since the seventies! However limited I see their understanding of "abrupt climate change."

    In 1789, Robert Thomas Malthus, in his seminal work, "An Essay on the Principal of Population," postulated that populations would grow exponentially, and food growth would grow arithmetically, resulting in massive over population soon.

    The primary concern was the wealth of the rich. Not the massive food shortages, pollution, over population hell on earth!

    This seminal work was the beginning of the ongoing numerous versions of "The Depopulation Agendas and Theories!"

    ​Malthus' solution argued on the Floor of the English Parliament: "Put the BUBONIC PLAGUE in the swamp lands around England!” The poor deserve to die, for stealing the wood in "their swamps," to keep from freezing in the winters!"

    My how nothing has changed! Hence. . . .
    "THANK GOD!"
    ​"It Is THE END!"

    ​Some version of Lester's Plan B 4.0 has been around since the seventies, a sound way to transition to renewable energies, and a sustainable future. 

    The Nordic Countries, in particular, Denmark, are proof that not only was a "sustainable society" possible, a "humane society," and "egalitarian society" was not only possible - it is great for business! Surely the Monocultural characteristics helped. 

    THINK - SHE - SUSTAINABLE - HUMANE - AND EGALITARIAN! THE SHE MATRIARCHAL NORDIC  MODEL!

    It was really the Nordic Women, that "grew balls," and kicked the "rich bitches" out of their countries, splitting the wealth and income that they were stealing from them annually. While their men were off doing what men do so well: raping, fleecing and pillaging!

    Way to go Nordic Women, for showing the world what Women With Balls, can do! You are proof, not only was "sustainable," possible, the much more challenging goals of being, "humane" and "egalitarian" were possible - and great for business! 

    THE MATRIARCAL NORDIC MODEL

    YOU NORDIC WOMEN, AND THOSE THAT SUPPORT THE NORDIC MODEL, ARE THE ONES THAT - HAVE CHOSEN - "THE LOGICAL GOD OF LOVE'S" - EGALITARIAN, SUSTAINABLE, AND HUMANE SOCIETAL MODEL. THAT SUPPORTS GOD'S CHILDREN, SPECIES AND PLANET - IN DIRE NEED - DUE TO THE - EVIL GREED - OF THE EVIL RICH, THEIR WHORES, AND LUNATIC SUPPORTERS!

    "AS IT IS IN HEAVEN!" SO TO SHOULD IT BE ON EARTH! EITHER SUPPORT WHAT IT SHOULD BE ON EARTH, OR LIVE IN THE HELL YOU SUPPORTED!  FOR TRNTITTIES!

    However, it was REAL FEAR by the Ruling Elites, Relatives of The King of England, of getting shot, like happened in the Bolsheviks / Russian Revolution that was THE CATALYST to policies which created the ONLY SUSTAINABLE, 
    HUMANE AND EGALITARIAN societies on Planet EVIL GREED - THE NORDIC COUNTRIES!

    THESE are NOT SOUND ARGUMENTS for why The Nordic Model is NOT adopted globally! 

    WILL THE FEAR OF "THE EVIL MONEY MONSTERS," THE RICH, OF FRYING IN THE VERY HELL THAT THEY THEMSELVES DAMNED GOD'S BILLIONS OF CHILDREN, TRILLIONS OF SPECIES AND WONDER FILLED WORLD TO SUFFER - THAT DAMNED "ME" - GOD - TO SUFFER NEEDLESSLY - FOR THEIR INSATIABLE, INSANE, EVIL GREED - BE SUFFICIENT TO GET THEM TO USE THEIR EVIL INSANE WEALTH AND INCOME AND MAKE THIS A HUMANE ENDING!?

    IT HAD BETTER! OR THEY WILL FRY FOR ETERNITY IN THE VERY HELL THEIR EVIL GREED CAUSED!

    CHECK MATE! YOU DISGUSTING EVIL MONEY MONSTERS, and EVIL MONEY SLUTS worth over $5 million!

    Will You Do What "A Good Soul" worthy of God's Heaven, would do! Gift Your Fortunes to "Those in NEED," over your remaining life expectancy of 20 years maximum. Gifting 5% to 10% of your TOTAL INCOME and NET WORTH annually to those in dire need on the front lines of Abrupt Climate Change. While supporting the ONLY Sustainable and Humane Nordic Model!? 

    OR, WILL YOU KEEP YOUR INSANE EVIL WEALTH AND INCOME, AGGRESSIVELY RIGGING ALL GLOBAL MARKETS, COMPANIES AND GOVERNMENTS EVERYWHERE FOR INSANELY MORE WEALTH AND INCOME, AND RISK TAKING THAT LAST BREATH! WAKING UP TO THE VERY RADIATION METHANE UNIMAGINABLE HELL YOUR EVIL GREED DAMNED GOD'S CHILDREN, SPECIES AND PLANET - THAT DAMNED - "ME" - GOD - TO NEEDLESSLY SUFFER IN!?

    ​YOUR CHOICE!

    MAKE THE WRONG ONE, AND THE RADIATION, METHANE, AND THE MONSTER SUPER STORM DESTROYED PLANET EVIL GREED IS YOURS FOR TRTITTIES! ETERNITY! DONNIE! ETERNITY!

    CHECK MATE!

    EITHER START SELLING AND GIFTING - 5% TO 10% OF YOUR TOTAL INCOME AND NET WORTH - ANNUALLY! AND PUBLICALLY GLOBALLY AND FINANCIALLY SUPPORT THE SHE MATRIARCAL NORDIC MODEL! BERNIE - AOC BERNIE - AOC! OR "FRY BABY FRY" - WHEN YOU - "DIE, BABY DIE!"

    Due to overpopulation alone, NOT considering the impacts of climate change - The World - IS ALREADY DEGRADING - into some version of Elysium, The 100, The Hunger Games, etc., a global hell on earth, beyond the worst movie! HELL on EARTH due to overpopulation - HELL ON EARTH - alone - we have known since the early seventies - would be here by 2020-2030!

    ​SIBERIAN METHANE and NUCLEAR REACTORS - will save - "THE REST" - from THIS HORRIFIC FATE, CAUSED BY - THE EVIL GREED - OF - "THE EVIL RICH and THEIR EVIL WHORES!"!

    Hence why I say. . . . 
    "THANK GOD!"
    ​"It Is THE END!"

    My work in climate change started in the eighties, and has been focused on understanding and adding to, the thesis proposed by The Father of Abrupt Climate Change, Dr. Guy McPherson's, in the videos on this site, and on his home page, since around the turn of the century, if memory serves me well.

    Guy's Thesis: "The Clathrate Gun Firing," Runaway Siberian and Arctic Methane Releases, will cause the burning up of the world's breadbaskets, causing the collapse of global societies. Nuclear Power Plants are self-imploding and exploding nuclear weapons, not maintained properly. With the collapse of global societies, the 450, heading to 510 nuclear reactors - WILL IMPLODE AND EXPLODE, and along with the release of GIGATONS of SIBERIAN and ARCTIC METHANE - will cause Near-Term Human Extinction!

    Guy complimented me in an email, saying my summary of his work, on the summary email page above, was good, just a few thousand words less! First time I remember being complimented on brevity!

    My contributions include: COVID DRIVEN COLLAPSE IN GLOBAL ECONOMIES IS CAUSING “GLOBAL DIMING” TO DROP! DRIVING UP SIBERIAN TEMPERATURES BY 5C JAN-JUNE 2020, CAUSING RAPID COLLAPSE OF ARCTIC SEA ICE! WHICH WILL CAUSE - “HOT STUFF” - "RUNAWAY SIBERIAN METHANE RELEASE" - TO EXPLODE. DRIVING GLOBAL MEAN AVERAGE TEMPERATURES (GMAT) TO RISE 2-3C BY 2025-2030. WHICH ACCORDING TO ANDRILL’S ANTARCTICA RESEARCH WILL CAUSE BOTH WEST AND EAST ANTARCTICA TO MELT. CAUSING 60’ PLUS SEA LEVEL RISE. WHICH WILL DESTROY MOST OF THE 440 PLUS NUCLEAR REACTORS GLOBALLY. “THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS” ALONG WITH DESTRUCTIVE STORM SURGE MAY DESTROY NUCLEAR REACTORS ANY YEAR. BUT SURELY 60’ SEA LEVEL RISE AND “THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS” WILL DESTROY PLANET EVIL GREED BY 2030!

    The radiation from which - WILL - GO UP TO THE ARCTIC AND MASSIVELY accelerate SIBERIAN and ARCTIC METHANE RELEASE.

    "THE Radioactive Methane MONSTER Feedback Loop," CAUSING 2-3C RISE IN GMAT BY 2025-30! CAUSING 60’ PLUS SEA LEVEL RISE & THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS, which implode, explode, nuclear reactors globally, not only those on oceans, those in Nebraska, on rivers, lakes, etc. due to flooding!

    I expect the first THE MONSTER SUPER STORM by 2025-2030, at the latest, starting "HELL ON EARTH!"

    "THE Radioactive Methane MONSTER Feedback Loop," that causes 2-3C rise in GMAT, causing 60’ plus sea level rise and that creates THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS, that ensure. . . .
    . . . . "It Is THE END!"

    ​Other contributions include the Visual Proof that The Clathrate Gun has Fired, by TA Maps, and Methane Maps; calling at the start of SUPER STORM RAINICANE HARVEY 8/2017, "The Beginning of The ERA of THE SUPER STORMS;" Ongoing Tracking of the MASSIVE SUPER STORMS, on the Super Storm and BLOG pages, which have all set records, after records, after I called in August 2017, "The Beginning of THE ERA of THE SUPER STORMS," etc., etc.

    ​Guy's Conclusion: With the collapse of global societies, all of the world's nuclear reactors will implode and explode, along with the release of massive gigatons of methane, will insure. 
    ​. . . . "It Is THE END!"

    Key Temperature Thresholds, Events:

    2017 - July - I called The Clathrate Gun Fired 

    2017 - August - Called "The Beginning of THE ERA of THE SUPER STORMS," at the Beginning of SUPER STORM RAINICANE HARVEY, also call this "The Beginning of THE END TIMES!"

    2017 - Nov 17 - Documented My First Temperature Anomaly Map - TA Map - Visual Secondary Proof that The Clathrate Gun Fired

    2018 - JAN / FEB Documented VISUAL PROOF of A MASSIVE RED BLOB - the result of a Massive Methane Release, Feb 24-28 (see TA Maps Page)

    2017-2018 DOCUMENTED - THE Beginning of THE ERA of the SUPER STORMS, providing extensive documentation of all major storms (see Super Storms page above and BLOG pages).

    2018 - October - Now Provided PRIMARY VISUAL PROOF of THE CLATHRATE GUN FIRING, RUNAWAY SIBERIAN AND ARCTIC METHANE RELEASES, using Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS), Copernicus Methane Maps!

    DEC 9 & 13, 2018 Provided Proof of CAMS Copernicus Rigging their Methane Maps, showing how 'The ARCTIC Surface Methane Map" was rigged when they shut these down during this time.

    Documented how CAMS rigged their Methane Maps dropping the "TOP OF THE BAR" reading from 75,600  ppb, down to 10,000 ppb, while the Methane Maps - BIG RED BLOBS - dropped - to mostly GREEN / LOW METHANE RELEASES at the same time, and sense that time!

    Documented the MANY TIMES that UofMaine/NOAA Rigged the Temperature 
    Anomaly - TA Maps! 

    8/22/19 Called "Peak Oil," The World Falling Off "Hubbert's Cliff," based on OPEC, Russia and Canada traditional oil collapse from SEP   18 - 48.5 MBPD - down to 45.5 MBPD - first achieved SEP 14!

    8/22/19 - Called "PEAK OIL" -  "HUBBERT'S CLIFF" - AS OF SEP 2018, DUE TO COLLAPSE FROM ROUGHLY 48.5, DOWN TO 45.5 MBPD, MARCH 19! 45.5 WAS FIRST ACHIEVED FIVE YEARS AGO, SEP 14! THE COLLAPSE IN TRADITIONAL OIL PRODUCTION - IS HORRIFIC!

    ​JUST WAIT TO YOU SEE THE COLLAPSE IN FRACKING! BY 2025-2030! THE SAME TIME AS "HOT STUFF," "THE CLATHRATE GUN," RUNAWAY SIBERIAN METHANE WILL BE BURNING UP THE WORLD'S BREAD BASKETS - AND - "THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS" - AND RADICAL SEA LEVEL RISE - WILL  -BE DESTROYING NUCLEAR REACTORS!  

    2019-2020 Forecast Global Economic and Market Collapse. I first forecast this collapse back in the First Quarter of 1980 as a sophomore at the University of Utah "UofU" in a graduate symposium in Economic Demography, under a visiting prof from Stanford.

    ​New research proves that this WILL accelerate Global Mean Average Temperature (GMAT) by 1-2C, roughly double the current GMAT, above pre-industrial levels, due to the "Reduction in Global Dimming."

    2021-2022 Forecast Blue Ocean Arctic, THE BIG ONE!

    Arctic Sea Ice Extent Link: THE BIG ONE! When Arctic Ice Hits Zero - HELL ON EARTH is ON ITS WAY!

    The Reduction in Global Dimming WILL accelerate Blue Ocean Arctic, and WILL Cause MASSIVE INCREASES IN SIBERIAN AND ARCTIC METHANE!

    "HOT STUFF!" "THE SIBERIAN METHANE MONSTER!" THE BIG RED BLOBS! WILL -ENGULF THE TOP OF THE GLOBE BY 2025, AND THE GLOBE BY 2030!

    2025-2027 "The Massive Antarctica Ice Melt and Sea Level Rise Temperature Threshold" is Reached, due, significantly, to BLUE OCEAN ARCTIC and The Reduction in Global Dimming, resulting in Massive Siberian and Arctic Methane Releases by 2023. Larsen C Ice Shelves, Antarctica and Greenland's Ice Melt times starts increasing super exponentially!

    ​Rapid Ice Melt, results in Global Sea Levels Rising Rapidly, combined with THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS, ignits "Global Hell on Earth!"

    2025-2030 "THE END TIMES" HELL ON EARTH ARRIVES! MASSIVE METHANE RELEASES, causes SIGNIFICANT SEA LEVEL RISE, which together results in -THE MONSTER SUPER STORMS! Which DESTROY Ocean Based Nuclear Reactors!

    2025 ON - RAISE YOUR SPIRITS UP TO "THE LOGICAL GOD OF LOVE." A Global Lifting Up of The Good Spirits To The God of Love! Every Ascension Thursday, or day that is spiritually meaningful to you. Get YOUR SUCK BAGS - NOW!

    2025-2040 THE GREAT DYING! Most people will be dead by 2040!

    2050: "It Is THE END!"

    2100 Planet EVIL GREED - A RADIATION METHANE HELL BEYOND HELLS! VENUS WILL HAVE NOTHING ON "PLANET EVIL GREED!"

    FATHER FORGIVE US EVEN THOUGH WE  KNEW WHAT WE WERE DOING!

    "THANK GOD!"
    "It Is THE END!"


    FATHER,
    ​It Is FINISHED!
    "It Is THE EN
    D!"

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1) All ideas, views, theories, concepts, etc., provided on these pages I state to you are "my opinions only," and should be read as such. As the EMM&MS present their opinions and politically motivated "educational materials," as real science, I thought it would be helpful to present my science, as my opinions, and allow you to decide what are "scientifically sound" facts, ideas, theories, views, etc., versus people's opinions. Any names used in parody are not intended to be related to any living people, currently alive or deceased, and should be read as such. Just humor, nothing more. Who knows, maybe it will inspire someone to get closer to their "True Spirit in The Logical God of Love." If it does, this is what is intended. It is the only task left, saving souls! As I noted above, you should get close to the God of Love, and learn his logic of love, so that you can differentiate all material as to if it was inspired by the God of Love, or not. All information is obtained from what I thought were reliable sources, but no guarantees are made about the reliability of any sources, data, etc.. None of this information is presented to solicit the sale or dissemination of securities, or other investment related products or services. All of this information is for educational purposes only.   
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